“Inam” land grants were awarded mainly to scholars, religious leaders, and learned individuals as a reward for their services. These grants were usually tax-free and were intended to support education, religious activities, and scholarship. The beneficiaries were expected to use ...
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The Delhi Sultanate experienced the highest number of Mongol invasions during Alauddin Khilji’s reign. He successfully repelled these attacks through strong military reforms, frontier defenses, and a well-organized standing army. His effective strategies prevented Mongol expansion into India and ensured ...
Razia Sultan was the daughter of Iltutmish, the most capable ruler of the Slave Dynasty. Recognizing her talent, Iltutmish nominated her as his successor, breaking the traditional preference for male rulers. Razia became the first and only woman ruler of ...
Qutubuddin Aibak constructed the Qutub-ul-Islam Mosque in Delhi after the establishment of the Slave Dynasty. Built using materials from demolished Hindu and Jain temples, it is one of the earliest surviving mosques in India. The mosque complex later expanded under ...
Mahmud Ghaznavi’s primary motive behind invading India was to acquire immense wealth from its temples and prosperous cities. He used this wealth to strengthen Ghazni and expand his power in Central Asia. Although he justified his campaigns in religious terms, ...