The freezing point of water, 0°C or 32°F, serves as a reference point for many temperature scales and helps calibrate thermometers.
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The rate of heat transfer is affected by the temperature difference between objects, the material’s thermal conductivity, the surface area, and the nature of the surrounding medium.
Heat is the total energy of all particles in a substance, while temperature is the average kinetic energy of those particles. Heat depends on mass, while temperature does not.
Accurate temperature measurement is crucial for safety, health, scientific research, and industrial processes. It ensures proper functioning, safety, and quality in various applications.
Conduction is the transfer of heat through a solid material. It occurs when particles in the material collide, passing energy from the hotter to the cooler parts.
Heat transfer occurs through conduction, convection, and radiation. These processes involve the movement of thermal energy from a hotter area to a cooler one.
The boiling point of water is 100°C or 212°F at standard atmospheric pressure. It is used as a reference point in temperature scales and calibrating thermometers.
A clinical thermometer is a device used to measure body temperature. It typically has a narrow temperature range and can be digital or liquid-in-glass.
Bridges have expansion joints to allow for thermal expansion and contraction. These joints prevent damage by accommodating changes in the length of the bridge due to temperature variations.
Thermal expansion is the increase in the volume of a substance when its temperature rises. This occurs because particles move faster and spread apart as they gain kinetic energy.