Magnetic separation uses magnets to attract magnetic materials away from non-magnetic ones. It’s effective for separating metals from mixtures or for removing iron filings from other substances.
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Sieving separates components based on size by passing the mixture through a mesh or screen. Smaller particles pass through the openings, while larger particles are retained, making it ideal for granular materials.
Centrifugation separates components based on density using rapid spinning. The centrifugal force pushes denser materials to the bottom, allowing lighter components to remain on top for easy separation.
Decantation relies on gravity to separate components with different densities. By slowly pouring off the top layer, the heavier sediment remains at the bottom, allowing the lighter liquid to be separated.
Filtration works by passing a mixture through a filter medium that allows only certain components to pass through while trapping others. It effectively separates solids from liquids or gases.