Temperature affects magnetism by altering the alignment of magnetic domains. At high temperatures, thermal energy disrupts this alignment, reducing a magnet’s strength. Extremely high temperatures can even demagnetize a material.
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In a compass, a magnetized needle aligns itself with the Earth’s magnetic field, pointing toward the magnetic north. This allows users to determine direction relative to the Earth’s magnetic poles.
The strength of an electromagnet can be increased by increasing the electric current, adding more turns to the wire coil, or using a core with better magnetic properties, like soft iron.
Temporary magnets lose their magnetism quickly once the external magnetic field is removed, like soft iron. Permanent magnets, like bar magnets, retain their magnetism over time without needing an external field.
The law of magnetic poles states that like poles repel and unlike poles attract. This means that a north pole will attract a south pole but repel another north pole, and vice versa.