Vitamins are designated by alphabets (A, B, C, D, etc.), with sub-groups like B₁, B₂, etc. Excessive vitamin intake can be harmful, emphasizing the importance of consuming them in appropriate amounts for optimum growth and health.
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Vitamins are organic compounds required in small amounts for specific biological functions, and their deficiency can lead to diseases. While most vitamins cannot be synthesized in our body, plants and gut bacteria contribute to our vitamin intake.
Enzymes, like chemical catalysts, lower activation energy for reactions. For instance, while acid hydrolysis of sucrose has an activation energy of 6.22 kJ mol⁻¹, sucrase, an enzyme, reduces it to 2.15 kJ mol⁻¹, demonstrating the efficiency of enzyme action.
Enzymes are named based on the specific reaction they catalyze or the substrate they act upon. The -ase ending is common in enzyme names, indicating their nature as catalysts (e.g., maltase catalyzes maltose hydrolysis).
Enzymes act as biocatalysts facilitating specific reactions like digestion, absorption, and energy production in living organisms. They are crucial for life processes due to their ability to catalyze reactions under mild conditions.