In Paramoecium, food is taken in at a specific spot facilitated by cilia movement covering the cell surface, unlike the entire surface feeding seen in Amoeba.
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Amoeba takes in food through temporary extensions of the cell surface, forming a food vacuole. Complex substances inside the food vacuole are broken down into simpler ones, diffusing into the cytoplasm, and undigested material is expelled at the cell surface.
In single-celled organisms, such as Amoeba, food is taken in by the entire cell surface, while in more complex organisms, specialized parts of the digestive system perform different functions.
Cuscuta (amar-bel), ticks, lice, leeches, and tape-worms are examples of organisms using a parasitic nutritive strategy without killing their hosts.
The body design and functioning of organisms determine their ability to take in and break down specific food materials.