Exposure to methylene chloride in air can lead to impaired hearing and vision at lower levels, while higher levels can cause dizziness, nausea, and tingling in fingers and toes. Methylene chloride harms the human central nervous system.

Carbon compounds with more than one halogen atom are termed polyhalogen compounds. Dichloromethane finds applications as a solvent, paint remover, propellant in aerosols, and in drug manufacturing as well as metal cleaning and finishing.

The halogen atom’s –I effect and deactivating influence, along with resonance, make the benzene ring in haloarenes somewhat deactivated compared to benzene. As a result, electrophilic substitution reactions in haloarenes occur more slowly and require more drastic conditions than those ...

The halogen atom in haloarenes, being o, p-directing, directs further substitution to the ortho- and para-positions with respect to itself due to resonance, resulting in increased electron density at these positions.

Haloarenes undergo electrophilic reactions on the benzene ring, including halogenation, nitration, sulphonation, and Friedel-Crafts reactions.

The resonance effect in aryl halides, where electron pairs on the halogen atom are in conjugation with p-electrons of the ring, imparts partial double bond character to the C—X bond, making bond cleavage difficult and contributing to the lower reactivity ...

Aryl halides have a sp²-hybridized carbon in the C—X bond, which, with a greater s-character, holds the electron pair more tightly than the sp³-hybridized carbon in haloalkanes. The resulting shorter C—X bond in aryl halides makes their nucleophilic substitution reactions ...

The carbon-magnesium bond in Grignard reagents is covalent but highly polar, with carbon pulling electrons from magnesium. Grignard reagents are highly reactive and react with proton sources, such as water and alcohols, to give corresponding hydrocarbons.

Grignard reagents are organo-metallic compounds, specifically alkyl magnesium halides (RMgX). They are prepared by the reaction of haloalkanes with magnesium metal in dry ether.

The Zaitsev rule predicts that pent-2-ene is the major product in the dehydrohalogenation of 2-bromopentane, as it has a greater number of alkyl groups attached to the doubly bonded carbon atoms compared to other potential products.