Vitamins play a vital role in health, and deficiencies can lead to diseases. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) are stored, while water-soluble vitamins (B group, C) need consistent intake due to rapid excretion.

The coagulation of egg white on boiling and the curdling of milk due to the formation of lactic acid by bacteria are common examples of denaturation, causing changes in the structure and activity of proteins.

Denaturation disrupts hydrogen bonds, leading to the unfolding of globules and uncoiling of helices. This process destroys secondary and tertiary structures while preserving the primary structure of proteins.

A native protein is a protein in a biological system with a unique three-dimensional structure and biological activity. Denaturation occurs when subjected to physical or chemical changes, disrupting hydrogen bonds, unfolding globules, and uncoiling helices, resulting in the loss of ...

Hydrogen bonds, disulphide linkages, van der Waals, and electrostatic forces stabilize the tertiary structure, representing the overall folding of polypeptide chains. The quaternary structure involves the spatial arrangement of subunits in proteins composed of two or more polypeptide chains.