Common names of ethers are derived from alkyl/aryl groups in alphabetical order, followed by the word ‘ether’. In IUPAC nomenclature, ethers are considered hydrocarbon derivatives, replacing a hydrogen atom with an –OR or –OAr group, where R and Ar represent ...

Dihydroxy derivatives of benzene are named as 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-benzenediol in common nomenclature.

The IUPAC name for the simplest hydroxy derivative of benzene is phenol. Substituted compounds use the terms ortho (1,2-disubstituted), meta (1,3-disubstituted), and para (1,4-disubstituted) to indicate substituent positions.

Polyhydric alcohols retain the ‘e’ of the alkane and add the suffix ‘ol,’ with the number of -OH groups indicated by multiplicative prefixes. For cyclic alcohols, the prefix “cyclo” is used, and the —OH group is considered attached to C–1 ...

In the IUPAC system, the name of an alcohol is derived from the corresponding alkane by replacing ‘e’ with ‘ol’. Substituent positions are indicated using numerals, starting from the end nearest to the hydroxyl group.

The common name of an alcohol is derived from the common name of the alkyl group, with the word “alcohol” added. For example, CH₃OH is called methyl alcohol.

Ethers are classified as simple or symmetrical if the attached alkyl or aryl groups are the same, and mixed or unsymmetrical if the groups are different. Diethyl ether is an example of a symmetrical ether, while C₂H₅OCH₃ is an example ...

In primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, the –OH group is attached to primary, secondary, and tertiary carbon atoms, respectively, in the alkyl group.

Phenols can be synthesized from diazonium salts by forming the diazonium salt from an aromatic primary amine and then hydrolyzing it to phenols. Alternatively, phenol is manufactured from cumene by oxidizing cumene to cumene hydroperoxide, followed by conversion to phenol ...

In the laboratory, phenols are prepared from chlorobenzene by fusing it with NaOH at 623 K, followed by acidification of the produced sodium phenoxide. From benzenesulphonic acid, phenol is obtained by sulphonating benzene with oleum, converting the resulting benzene sulphonic ...