Coal and petroleum contain nitrogen and sulphur, and their combustion produces oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, contributing significantly to environmental pollution.

Gas/kerosene stoves are designed with air inlets to ensure an oxygen-rich mixture, resulting in a clean blue flame. If cooking vessels’ bottoms turn black, it signals blocked air holes, leading to inefficient combustion and wasted fuel.

Saturated hydrocarbons typically yield a clean flame, but if the air supply is restricted, incomplete combustion can occur, leading to a sooty flame due to the formation of carbon particles.

When a functional group with a suffix starting with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) is present, the carbon chain’s name is modified by removing the final ‘e’ and adding the appropriate suffix. For example, a three-carbon chain with ...

If a functional group is present, it is incorporated into the compound’s name using either a prefix or a suffix. The choice of prefix or suffix is determined by specific rules outlined in the naming conventions.

The name of a compound is based on the number of carbon atoms in the chain. For instance, a three-carbon chain is named propane.

The chemical properties of compounds within a homologous series are primarily determined by the functional group. Despite differences in carbon chain lengths, compounds with the same functional group exhibit similar chemical reactions and behaviors.

In a homologous series, physical properties such as melting and boiling points exhibit a gradation with increasing molecular mass. This trend is observed because larger molecules generally have stronger intermolecular forces, leading to higher melting and boiling points.

A homologous series is a group of organic compounds with similar chemical properties due to the presence of the same functional group, substituting hydrogen atoms in a carbon chain. Despite varying carbon chain lengths, the chemical behavior is primarily determined ...

Functional groups are specific arrangements of atoms within a molecule, and they are denoted by their free valency. These groups, containing heteroatoms, confer distinct properties to carbon compounds, independent of the carbon chain’s characteristics.