Detergents are commonly used in shampoos and cleaning products for clothes. Unlike soaps, detergents remain effective in hard water due to their chemical structure, eliminating the issues of scum formation and difficulty in foam production.

Detergents, typically sodium salts of sulphonic acids or ammonium salts with chlorides or bromides ions, have long hydrocarbon chains. The charged ends of these compounds do not form insoluble precipitates with calcium and magnesium ions, making them effective in hard ...

The reaction of soap with calcium and magnesium salts, responsible for the hardness of water, leads to scum formation and hinders foam production during bathing.

The name “glacial acetic acid” arises from the fact that pure ethanoic acid often freezes in cold climates during winter. Carboxylic acids, unlike mineral acids such as HCl, are weak acids, characterized by their incomplete ionization.

A 5-8% solution of acetic acid in water is known as vinegar and is widely used as a preservative in pickles due to its acidic properties.

Ethanoic acid is commonly known as acetic acid and belongs to the group of acids called carboxylic acids.

Small amounts of dilute ethanol can cause drunkenness, a socially widespread practice. However, even a small quantity of pure ethanol (absolute alcohol) can be lethal, and long-term alcohol consumption is linked to various health issues.

Ethanol’s solvent properties make it a common ingredient in medicines such as tincture iodine, cough syrups, and tonics, as it is soluble in water in all proportions.

Ethanol is commonly known as alcohol and is the active ingredient in alcoholic drinks, making it a liquid at room temperature.