A hole is a seat of positive charge which is produced when an electron breaks away from a covalent bond in a semiconductor. Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics Session 2024-2025.
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The four valence electrons in carbon are in the second orbit but in silicon these are in third orbit. Hence, energy required to take out an electron from carbon is Eg = 5.4 eV but for silicon Eg = 1.1 ...