Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system. They regulate physiological processes, including growth, metabolism, mood, and reproduction, influencing target cells throughout the body to maintain homeostasis.
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Genes follow inheritance patterns such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant, and X-linked recessive. These patterns dictate how traits are passed from one generation to the next.
The upper layers of the Earth’s atmosphere, including the thermosphere and exosphere, extend beyond the mesosphere. They contain sparse air molecules and play a crucial role in phenomena like auroras.
An ammeter measures electric current in amperes within an electrical circuit. A circuit is a closed loop of conductive elements where electrons flow. Ammeters help monitor and control current flow.
A heating element is a device that converts electrical energy into heat. It is commonly used in appliances like stoves, toasters, and water heaters to generate the necessary warmth.
Electrical energy is a form of energy resulting from the movement of charged particles (electrons). It powers electronic devices and is generated from various sources, including fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear.
DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) is a synthetic pesticide once widely used to control insect-borne diseases like malaria. Its environmental persistence and harmful effects led to bans in many countries.
Examples of asexually reproducing species include bacteria (binary fission), plants (runners, bulbs), and some animals (parthenogenesis). Offspring inherit genetic material from a single parent, lacking genetic variation.
Asexual reproduction involves the creation of offspring without the union of gametes. It results in genetically identical or nearly identical offspring to the parent, common in plants, bacteria, and fungi.
Chromosomes are thread-like structures in cells containing DNA. They carry genetic information, determining an organism’s traits. Humans have 23 pairs, with one set inherited from each parent.