Reflex actions are involuntary, rapid responses to stimuli, bypassing conscious control. They occur to protect the body and ensure survival, involving the spinal cord and peripheral nerves.
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Asexual reproduction involves the creation of offspring without the fusion of gametes. It produces genetically identical or nearly identical copies of the parent organism, commonly observed in bacteria, plants, and some animals.
Carbon compounds, also known as organic compounds, are molecules containing carbon-hydrogen bonds. They form the basis of life and include diverse substances like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Energy efficiency refers to using less energy to perform a task while maintaining or improving performance. It involves optimizing technology and practices to reduce energy consumption, costs, and environmental impact.
Gregor Mendel’s cross-breeding experiments with pea plants in the 19th century laid the foundation for modern genetics. His laws of inheritance revealed patterns of genetic transmission, contributing significantly to the understanding of heredity.