Vision defects include myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia. These conditions result from abnormalities in the eye’s shape or lens flexibility, affecting the ability to focus clearly.
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Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by glands, regulating various physiological processes. Examples include insulin, estrogen, and adrenaline. They travel through the bloodstream, influencing growth, metabolism, and other bodily functions.
Blood sugar level, or blood glucose, measures the amount of glucose in the bloodstream. It is regulated by insulin and glucagon. Maintaining a stable level is crucial for overall health.
Mendel’s pea plant experiments involved controlled crosses. Traits like flower color were studied. Cross-pollination of parental plants with specific traits led to predictable ratios in the offspring, revealing principles of inheritance.
A food chain illustrates the transfer of energy in an ecosystem, showing the sequential flow of organisms consuming one another. Producers, consumers, and decomposers play vital roles in sustaining this dynamic process.