Chromatography separates mixtures based on the differing rates at which components move through a stationary phase. It’s useful for separating and analyzing complex mixtures, like inks or chemical compounds.
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Filtration works by passing a mixture through a filter medium that allows only certain components to pass through while trapping others. It effectively separates solids from liquids or gases.
Separation refers to methods used to divide or isolate components from a mixture, such as filtering sand from water or separating oil from vinegar. It is a practical process used in various situations.
Centrifugation is used in laboratories to separate components of a mixture based on density. By spinning samples rapidly, denser components move to the bottom, allowing precise separation and analysis of different substances.
A fractionating column enhances distillation by providing multiple condensation and vaporization stages, improving the separation of components with closer boiling points. This results in a more efficient and purer separation of substances.