The direct provocation for Abdali’s 1759 invasion was the Maratha conquest of Punjab in 1758. Raghunath Rao’s forces had driven out Abdali’s son and viceroy, Timur Shah, from Lahore. Abdali viewed this as a personal insult and a direct threat ...
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Malwa served as the essential “land bridge” between the Maratha heartland in the Deccan and the rich plains of Northern India. Strategically, it was the gateway to Delhi and the Doab region. By controlling Malwa, the Marathas secured their supply ...
Raghunath Rao, the younger brother of Peshwa Balaji Bajirao, led the Maratha expedition into North India that successfully captured Punjab. His forces took Lahore and drove out the agents of Ahmad Shah Abdali. This campaign famously pushed the Maratha frontier ...