Electrical energy is a form of energy resulting from the movement of charged particles (electrons). It powers electronic devices and is generated from various sources, including fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear.
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Isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula but different structures. Structural isomers differ in arrangement, geometric isomers have different spatial arrangements, and stereoisomers have the same connectivity but differ in spatial arrangement.
Spherical lenses and mirrors have curved surfaces. Lenses can be converging (convex) or diverging (concave), affecting light focus. Mirrors, concave or convex, influence reflection properties, used in optics for various applications.
Sodium is a highly reactive alkali metal with atomic number 11. It’s silver-white, soft, and abundant in nature. It reacts vigorously with water, producing sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Water hardness is a measure of the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions. It affects soap effectiveness and can lead to scale buildup. Hard water is classified as temporary or permanent.