The centripetal force causes the change in direction of the stone’s velocity.
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The stone changes direction at every point along the circular path.
The stone moves in a circular path before the thread is released.
Although the Earth’s gravitational force attracts the moon, we do not see the moon falling towards the Earth because the moon’s orbital motion keeps it in a stable orbit around the Earth.
Newton argued that at each point in its orbit, the moon falls towards the Earth instead of moving off in a straight line, indicating that it is being continuously attracted by the Earth’s gravitational force.