Another name for Newton’s first law of motion is the law of inertia, describing an object’s tendency to remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.
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The tendency of undisturbed objects to stay at rest or to keep moving with the same velocity is called inertia.
Newton’s first law of motion is stated as: “An object remains in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change that state by an applied force.”
The three fundamental laws presented by Newton are known as Newton’s laws of motion.
Isaac Newton further studied Galileo’s ideas on force and motion.
The effect of frictional force can be minimized by using a smooth marble, a smooth plane, and providing a lubricant on top of the planes.
Galileo’s argument suggests that an unbalanced (external) force is required to change the motion of the marble, but no net force is needed to sustain its uniform motion.
If the right-side plane is made horizontal, the marble would continue to travel forever, trying to reach the same height that it was released from.
The marble will roll down the slope and go up on the opposite side to the same height from which it was released.
It is difficult to achieve a zero unbalanced force in practical situations due to the presence of frictional force acting opposite to the direction of motion.