In the example of a bullock pulling a cart, work is done because there is a force exerted by the bullock on the cart, and the cart is displaced (it moves).
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If one of the conditions for work is not met, then work is not done. Both a force acting on an object and displacement of the object are necessary for work to be done.
The two conditions that need to be satisfied for work to be done are: (i) a force should act on an object, and (ii) the object must be displaced.
To lift a book through a height, you must apply a force. The book rises up as a result of the force applied.
Yes, another example is when you lift a book from the floor to a table. You exert an upward force on the book, and the book moves upwards through a distance. Hence, work is done according to the scientific definition.
The necessary conditions for work to be done in the provided examples are that a force must be exerted on an object, and the object must be displaced through a distance as a result of the force.
When a girl pulls a trolley, the trolley moves through a distance. The girl exerts a force on the trolley, and the trolley gets displaced. Therefore, work is done.
The everyday definition of work includes any useful physical or mental labor, while the scientific definition specifically involves force causing displacement.
Yes, playing in a field can be considered work scientifically if it involves moving objects or oneself in response to applied forces.
Talking with friends, humming a tune, and watching a movie are seen as work in everyday life because they require mental effort but do not involve physical displacement.