Cells in complex tissues coordinate to perform a common function. In xylem and phloem, for instance, different cell types collaborate to transport water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant.
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Yes, as plants age, the outer protective tissue undergoes changes. A strip of secondary meristem in the cortex forms layers of cork cells, which constitute the outer layer of the branch and stem.
Desert plants have in their epidermis
The epidermal cells of roots commonly bear long hair-like parts that greatly increase the total absorptive surface area, aiding in water absorption.
Stomata are necessary for exchanging gases with the atmosphere and for transpiration, which is the loss of water in the form of water vapor.