Permanent tissues are composed of cells that have differentiated and taken up specific roles, whereas meristematic tissue consists of actively dividing cells capable of producing new cells for growth and repair.

Differentiation is crucial in plant development as it allows cells to acquire specific shapes, sizes, and functions, leading to the formation of various types of permanent tissues essential for plant structure and function.

Cells formed by meristematic tissue undergo differentiation, where they adopt specific roles and lose the ability to divide, leading to the formation of permanent tissues.

Cells in meristematic tissue are highly active, characterized by dense cytoplasm, thin cellulose walls, prominent nuclei, and a lack of vacuoles.

Intercalary meristem is located near the nodes in some plants and contributes to the elongation of stems and roots at specific points, allowing for continued growth and development.