Various species employ different strategies for sex determination. While some rely on environmental cues, like temperature in certain reptiles, others, such as snails, can change sex, suggesting a non-genetic influence on their sexual characteristics.

Mendel’s experiments, which observed the independent segregation and assortment of traits, align with this mechanism of inheritance. The presence of two copies of each chromosome in germ cells, with one from each parent, allows for the inheritance of traits independently ...

During fertilization, two germ cells combine, and each contributes one chromosome from each pair. This process restores the diploid number of chromosomes in the progeny, ensuring the stability of the species’ DNA and maintaining genetic integrity.

Having two copies of each chromosome in germ cells ensures genetic diversity and allows for independent assortment during meiosis. It also enables the restoration of the normal number of chromosomes in the progeny when germ cells combine during fertilization.