1. A thermonuclear reaction is a nuclear fusion process in which light nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei at extremely high temperatures, releasing vast amounts of energy. It powers stars, including the Sun, and hydrogen bombs. For more visit here: https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/classRead more

    A thermonuclear reaction is a nuclear fusion process in which light nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei at extremely high temperatures, releasing vast amounts of energy. It powers stars, including the Sun, and hydrogen bombs.

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    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-13/

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  2. The basic assumptions of Rutherford’s model of the atom are: Central Nucleus: Atoms consist of a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center containing most of the atom’s mass. Electrons: Negatively charged electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular orbits. Empty Space: Most of the atom isRead more

    The basic assumptions of Rutherford’s model of the atom are:

    Central Nucleus: Atoms consist of a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center containing most of the atom’s mass.
    Electrons: Negatively charged electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular orbits.
    Empty Space: Most of the atom is empty space, allowing alpha particles to pass through during scattering experiments.

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  3. Two important limitations of Rutherford's nuclear model are: (i) Stability Issue: According to classical electromagnetic theory, electrons revolving around the nucleus should emit energy continuously, causing them to spiral into the nucleus. This contradicts the stability of atoms. (ii) Spectral LinRead more

    Two important limitations of Rutherford’s nuclear model are:

    (i) Stability Issue: According to classical electromagnetic theory, electrons revolving around the nucleus should emit energy continuously, causing them to spiral into the nucleus. This contradicts the stability of atoms.

    (ii) Spectral Lines: The model could not explain the discrete spectral lines observed in atomic emission or absorption spectra. It failed to account for the quantized energy levels of electrons, later addressed by Bohr’s atomic model.

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  4. Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its ground state. Replacing the electron with a 200-times heavier particle would significantly increase ionization energy, as reduced mass and energy levels increase. For more visit here: https://www.tiwariacademy.com/nceRead more

    Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its ground state. Replacing the electron with a 200-times heavier particle would significantly increase ionization energy, as reduced mass and energy levels increase.

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    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-12/

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  5. The ratio of their nuclear densities is 1:1. Nuclear density is nearly constant for all nuclei because it depends only on the nuclear volume and not on the mass number, which scales proportionally with volume. For more visit here: https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapteRead more

    The ratio of their nuclear densities is 1:1. Nuclear density is nearly constant for all nuclei because it depends only on the nuclear volume and not on the mass number, which scales proportionally with volume.

    For more visit here:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-12/physics/chapter-13/

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