India’s 1990s liberalisation reduced trade barriers, encouraged foreign investments and opened markets. Policies like FDI and export promotion linked India to the global economy, promoting industrial growth and global integration.
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Public expression of dissatisfaction, such as protests or petitions, strengthens democracy. It allows citizens to voice concerns, hold leaders accountable, influence policies and correct injustices, ensuring that governance reflects the people’s needs and promotes transparency and participation.
Money and muscle power in elections weaken democracy by giving unfair advantage to wealthy or influential candidates. Voters may be influenced by bribery, intimidation, or coercion, preventing free choice and fair representation, which are essential for democratic governance.
Federalism strengthens democracy by sharing power between central and state governments, ensuring representation of regional interests, and accommodating linguistic and cultural diversity, which promotes unity while respecting local autonomy and prevents concentration of power.
Women face inequality in education and employment opportunities, often earning less than men. They also experience social discrimination, such as unequal property rights, domestic violence and limited participation in decision-making within families and workplaces.