Biotic stresses such as diseases, insects, and nematodes can reduce crop yields and quality by damaging plants, inhibiting growth, and causing yield losses. Varieties resistant to these stresses help mitigate production losses and ensure crop productivity.

Oil quality affects the flavor, shelf life, and nutritional value of oilseed products. Varieties with high oil content and desirable fatty acid profiles contribute to the production of healthier cooking oils and food products.

Protein quality is crucial in pulses as they are a significant source of plant-based protein in many diets. Varieties with high protein content and balanced amino acid profiles are desirable for nutritional purposes.

Baking quality determines the suitability of wheat for producing bread, pastries, and other baked goods. Varieties with good baking quality ensure desirable texture, volume, and taste in the final products.

Farmers benefit significantly from crops with shorter maturity durations. These advantages include increased flexibility in crop planning, higher yield potential through multiple cropping cycles, reduced production costs, and improved efficiency in harvesting operations. Overall, shorter maturity durations enhance farmers’ profitability ...