(i) Some constituencies are reserved for the people who belong to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. (ii) In an SC-reserved constituency, only someone who belongs to the scheduled caste can stand for elections. (iii) Similarly only those belonging to a scheduled tribe can contest elections fRead more
(i) Some constituencies are reserved for the people who belong to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
(ii) In an SC-reserved constituency, only someone who belongs to the scheduled caste can stand for elections.
(iii) Similarly only those belonging to a scheduled tribe can contest elections from a constituency reserved for STs.
(iv) Currently 79 seats are reserved for the Scheduled Castes and 41 for the Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha.
(v) This number is in proportion to their share in the total population; thus the reserved seats for SCs and STs do not take away he legitimate share of any other social group.
(i) The constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to the Lok Sabha and to the State Legislative Assemblies. (ii) They may not have the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win electiRead more
(i) The constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to the Lok Sabha and to the State Legislative Assemblies.
(ii) They may not have the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win elections against others.
(iii) Those who are influential and resourceful may Prevent them from winning the elections.
(iv) If that happens, our: Parliament and Assemblies will be deprived of the voice of a significant section of the population.
This would make our democracy less representative and less democratic.
(i) Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections are held regularly, after every five years. (ii) After five years, the term of all the elected representatir.es comes to an end. (iii) The Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha stands dissolved. (iv) Elections are held in all constituencies at the same time either on theRead more
(i) Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections are held regularly, after every five years.
(ii) After five years, the term of all the elected representatir.es comes to an end.
(iii) The Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha stands dissolved.
(iv) Elections are held in all constituencies at the same time either on the
same day or within a few days. This is called a ‘general election”
(v) Sometimes, elections are held only for one constituency to fill the vacancy caused by the death or resignation of a member”. This is called a ‘by-election’.
Merits: (i) In an ideal world, all political leaders know what is good for the people and are motivated only by a desire to serve them. (ii) Our- constitution makers opted for free competition in elections as the way to select our future leaders, because this system works better in the long run. (iiRead more
Merits:
(i) In an ideal world, all political leaders know what is good for the people and are motivated only by a desire to serve them.
(ii) Our- constitution makers opted for free competition in elections as the way to select our future leaders, because this system works better in the long run.
(iii) Political leaders are motivated by a desire to advance in their political careers. They want to remain in power or get power. and position for themselves for which, they can compere with other political parties.
Demerits:
(i) An electoral competition creates a sense of disunity and factionalism in every locality.
(ii) Different political parties and leaders often level allegations against one another’.
(iii) Parties and candidates often use dirty tlicks to win elections.
Minimum conditions for democratic elections are as follows: (i) Everyone should be able to choose. This means that everyone should have one vote and every vote should have equal value. (ii) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections and should offer some real choice to the voters. (iRead more
Minimum conditions for democratic elections are as follows:
(i) Everyone should be able to choose. This means that everyone should have one vote and every vote should have equal value.
(ii) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections and should offer some real choice to the voters.
(iii) The choice should be offered at regular intervals. Elections must be held
every few years.
(iv) The candidates preferred by the people should get elected.
(v) Elections should be conducted in a free and fail manner, where people can choose as they wish.
(i) New schools for children emphasised the importance of plain dressing and discouraged ornamentation. (ii) Gymnastics and games entered the school curriculum for women. As women took to sports, they had to weal' clothes that did not hinder movement. (iii) When they went out to work, they needed clRead more
(i) New schools for children emphasised the importance of plain dressing and discouraged ornamentation.
(ii) Gymnastics and games entered the school curriculum for women. As women took to sports, they had to weal’ clothes that did not hinder movement.
(iii) When they went out to work, they needed clothes that were comfortable and convenient.
(i) Conservatives every where opposed the change. (ii) They felt that women who gave up traditional norms of dressing no longer looked beauuful and lost their femimity and grace. (iii) Faced with persistent attacks, many women began to wear their traditional clothes to conform to conventions.
(i) Conservatives every where opposed the change.
(ii) They felt that women who gave up traditional norms of dressing no longer looked beauuful and lost their femimity and grace.
(iii) Faced with persistent attacks, many women began to wear their traditional clothes to conform to conventions.
(i) In the 1870s, the National woman Suffrage, Association headed by Mrs Stanton and the American Woman Suffrage Association campaigned for dress reform. (ii) The argument was to simplify dress, shorten skirts and abandon corsets. (iii) On both sides of the Atlantic, there was a movement for rationaRead more
(i) In the 1870s, the National woman Suffrage, Association headed by Mrs Stanton and the American Woman Suffrage Association campaigned for
dress reform.
(ii) The argument was to simplify dress, shorten skirts and abandon corsets.
(iii) On both sides of the Atlantic, there was a movement for rational dress reform.
They felt that if clothes were comfortable arid convenient then women could work, earn their living and become independent.
(i) Long skirts swept the ground and collected filth and dirt. This caused illness. (ii) The skirts were voluminous and difficult Io handle. (iii) They hampered movement and prevented woman from working and earning. Reform of the dress, it was said, would changed the position of woman
(i) Long skirts swept the ground and collected filth and dirt. This caused illness.
(ii) The skirts were voluminous and difficult Io handle.
(iii) They hampered movement and prevented woman from working and earning. Reform of the dress, it was said, would changed the position of woman
(i) Women's magazines described how tight dresses and corsets caused deformities and illness among young girls. (ii) Such clothing restricted body growth and hampered blood circulation. (iii) Muscles remained underdeveloped and the spines got bent. (iv) Doctors reported that many women were regularlRead more
(i) Women’s magazines described how tight dresses and corsets caused deformities and illness among young girls.
(ii) Such clothing restricted body growth and hampered blood circulation.
(iii) Muscles remained underdeveloped and the spines got bent.
(iv) Doctors reported that many women were regularly complaining of acute weakness and fainted frequently.
Corsets then became necessary to hold up the wakened spine.
How was the system of ‘reserved constituencies’ introduced for the SCs and STs?
(i) Some constituencies are reserved for the people who belong to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. (ii) In an SC-reserved constituency, only someone who belongs to the scheduled caste can stand for elections. (iii) Similarly only those belonging to a scheduled tribe can contest elections fRead more
(i) Some constituencies are reserved for the people who belong to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
See less(ii) In an SC-reserved constituency, only someone who belongs to the scheduled caste can stand for elections.
(iii) Similarly only those belonging to a scheduled tribe can contest elections from a constituency reserved for STs.
(iv) Currently 79 seats are reserved for the Scheduled Castes and 41 for the Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha.
(v) This number is in proportion to their share in the total population; thus the reserved seats for SCs and STs do not take away he legitimate share of any other social group.
Why were ‘reserved constituencies’ devised for the weaker sections by the makers of the Indian constitution?
(i) The constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to the Lok Sabha and to the State Legislative Assemblies. (ii) They may not have the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win electiRead more
(i) The constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to the Lok Sabha and to the State Legislative Assemblies.
See less(ii) They may not have the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win elections against others.
(iii) Those who are influential and resourceful may Prevent them from winning the elections.
(iv) If that happens, our: Parliament and Assemblies will be deprived of the voice of a significant section of the population.
This would make our democracy less representative and less democratic.
How are elections held in India?
(i) Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections are held regularly, after every five years. (ii) After five years, the term of all the elected representatir.es comes to an end. (iii) The Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha stands dissolved. (iv) Elections are held in all constituencies at the same time either on theRead more
(i) Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections are held regularly, after every five years.
See less(ii) After five years, the term of all the elected representatir.es comes to an end.
(iii) The Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha stands dissolved.
(iv) Elections are held in all constituencies at the same time either on the
same day or within a few days. This is called a ‘general election”
(v) Sometimes, elections are held only for one constituency to fill the vacancy caused by the death or resignation of a member”. This is called a ‘by-election’.
What are the merits and demerits of an electoral competition?
Merits: (i) In an ideal world, all political leaders know what is good for the people and are motivated only by a desire to serve them. (ii) Our- constitution makers opted for free competition in elections as the way to select our future leaders, because this system works better in the long run. (iiRead more
Merits:
See less(i) In an ideal world, all political leaders know what is good for the people and are motivated only by a desire to serve them.
(ii) Our- constitution makers opted for free competition in elections as the way to select our future leaders, because this system works better in the long run.
(iii) Political leaders are motivated by a desire to advance in their political careers. They want to remain in power or get power. and position for themselves for which, they can compere with other political parties.
Demerits:
(i) An electoral competition creates a sense of disunity and factionalism in every locality.
(ii) Different political parties and leaders often level allegations against one another’.
(iii) Parties and candidates often use dirty tlicks to win elections.
what are the minimum conditions for a democratic election?
Minimum conditions for democratic elections are as follows: (i) Everyone should be able to choose. This means that everyone should have one vote and every vote should have equal value. (ii) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections and should offer some real choice to the voters. (iRead more
Minimum conditions for democratic elections are as follows:
See less(i) Everyone should be able to choose. This means that everyone should have one vote and every vote should have equal value.
(ii) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections and should offer some real choice to the voters.
(iii) The choice should be offered at regular intervals. Elections must be held
every few years.
(iv) The candidates preferred by the people should get elected.
(v) Elections should be conducted in a free and fail manner, where people can choose as they wish.
What were the reasons that made women opt for comfortable and simple dresses?
(i) New schools for children emphasised the importance of plain dressing and discouraged ornamentation. (ii) Gymnastics and games entered the school curriculum for women. As women took to sports, they had to weal' clothes that did not hinder movement. (iii) When they went out to work, they needed clRead more
(i) New schools for children emphasised the importance of plain dressing and discouraged ornamentation.
See less(ii) Gymnastics and games entered the school curriculum for women. As women took to sports, they had to weal’ clothes that did not hinder movement.
(iii) When they went out to work, they needed clothes that were comfortable and convenient.
flow were the conservatives successful in making the women adopt their old clothing?
(i) Conservatives every where opposed the change. (ii) They felt that women who gave up traditional norms of dressing no longer looked beauuful and lost their femimity and grace. (iii) Faced with persistent attacks, many women began to wear their traditional clothes to conform to conventions.
(i) Conservatives every where opposed the change.
See less(ii) They felt that women who gave up traditional norms of dressing no longer looked beauuful and lost their femimity and grace.
(iii) Faced with persistent attacks, many women began to wear their traditional clothes to conform to conventions.
What reforms were introduced in women’s clothing?
(i) In the 1870s, the National woman Suffrage, Association headed by Mrs Stanton and the American Woman Suffrage Association campaigned for dress reform. (ii) The argument was to simplify dress, shorten skirts and abandon corsets. (iii) On both sides of the Atlantic, there was a movement for rationaRead more
(i) In the 1870s, the National woman Suffrage, Association headed by Mrs Stanton and the American Woman Suffrage Association campaigned for
See lessdress reform.
(ii) The argument was to simplify dress, shorten skirts and abandon corsets.
(iii) On both sides of the Atlantic, there was a movement for rational dress reform.
They felt that if clothes were comfortable arid convenient then women could work, earn their living and become independent.
Why were the traditional clothes of women criticised in America?
(i) Long skirts swept the ground and collected filth and dirt. This caused illness. (ii) The skirts were voluminous and difficult Io handle. (iii) They hampered movement and prevented woman from working and earning. Reform of the dress, it was said, would changed the position of woman
(i) Long skirts swept the ground and collected filth and dirt. This caused illness.
See less(ii) The skirts were voluminous and difficult Io handle.
(iii) They hampered movement and prevented woman from working and earning. Reform of the dress, it was said, would changed the position of woman
How did women suffer by wearing tight dresses and corsets?
(i) Women's magazines described how tight dresses and corsets caused deformities and illness among young girls. (ii) Such clothing restricted body growth and hampered blood circulation. (iii) Muscles remained underdeveloped and the spines got bent. (iv) Doctors reported that many women were regularlRead more
(i) Women’s magazines described how tight dresses and corsets caused deformities and illness among young girls.
See less(ii) Such clothing restricted body growth and hampered blood circulation.
(iii) Muscles remained underdeveloped and the spines got bent.
(iv) Doctors reported that many women were regularly complaining of acute weakness and fainted frequently.
Corsets then became necessary to hold up the wakened spine.