(1) Soil erosion: The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion. (2) Causes for soil erosion: (l) Human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, construction, mining and other activities are responsible for soil erosion. (ii) Natural forces like winRead more
(1) Soil erosion: The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion.
(2) Causes for soil erosion:
(l) Human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, construction, mining and other activities are responsible for soil erosion.
(ii) Natural forces like wind, glacier and water also cause erosion. (a) The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes gullies. The land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. In chambal basin such lands are called ravines.
(b) Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope and washes away the top soil. It is known as sheet erosion.
(c) When wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land, it is known as wind erosion. (d) Soil erosion is also caused by ploughing in a wrong way’ i.e., up and down the slope from channels for the quick flow of water leading is soil erosion.
(1) Arid soils: (a) Features: (i) They range from red to brown in colour. (ii) They are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature. (iii) ln some areas, the soil contains high percentage of soluble salt and lack in organic matter. (iv) Soil lacks humus and moisture. (v) The lower horizons of thRead more
(1) Arid soils: (a) Features: (i) They range from red to brown in colour.
(ii) They are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature.
(iii) ln some areas, the soil contains high percentage of soluble salt and lack in organic matter.
(iv) Soil lacks humus and moisture.
(v) The lower horizons of the soil are occupied by Kankar.
(vi) These sols can become cultivable if irrigation facilities are made available as has been in the case of western Rajasthan.
(b) Places: These soils are found in arid areas of Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana.
(2) Forest soils: (a) Features: (i) They are found in mountainous area. (ii) They are loamy and silty in valley slides and coarse grained in the upper slopes. (iii)In the snow covered areas of the Himalayas they are acidic with low humus content.
(b) Places: They are found in the hilly and mountainous areas where sufficient rain forests are available. These places are Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir.
Laterite soil: (a) Features: (i) Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. It develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. (ii) Humus content of the soil is low. (iii) They lack in elements of fertility and are of low value for crop production. (iv) TheyRead more
Laterite soil: (a) Features: (i) Laterite has been derived from the Latin word ‘later’ which means brick. It develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall.
(ii) Humus content of the soil is low.
(iii) They lack in elements of fertility and are of low value for crop production.
(iv) They are composed of little clay and much gravel of red sandstones.
(v) They are suitable for cultivation with manures and fertilizers.
(b) Places: (l) They are found in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and hilly areas of Orissa and Assam.
(ii) After adopting appropriate soil conservation techniques particularly in the hilly areas of Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, this soil is very useful for growing tea and coffee.
(iii) Red laterite soil in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala are more suitable for crops like cashew nut.
What is soil erosion? Write human activities that lead to soil erosion.
(1) Soil erosion: The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion. (2) Causes for soil erosion: (l) Human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, construction, mining and other activities are responsible for soil erosion. (ii) Natural forces like winRead more
(1) Soil erosion: The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion.
See less(2) Causes for soil erosion:
(l) Human activities such as deforestation, over grazing, construction, mining and other activities are responsible for soil erosion.
(ii) Natural forces like wind, glacier and water also cause erosion. (a) The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes gullies. The land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. In chambal basin such lands are called ravines.
(b) Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope and washes away the top soil. It is known as sheet erosion.
(c) When wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land, it is known as wind erosion. (d) Soil erosion is also caused by ploughing in a wrong way’ i.e., up and down the slope from channels for the quick flow of water leading is soil erosion.
Describe the features of Arid soils and Forest soils. Mention the places where they are found in India.
(1) Arid soils: (a) Features: (i) They range from red to brown in colour. (ii) They are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature. (iii) ln some areas, the soil contains high percentage of soluble salt and lack in organic matter. (iv) Soil lacks humus and moisture. (v) The lower horizons of thRead more
(1) Arid soils: (a) Features: (i) They range from red to brown in colour.
See less(ii) They are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature.
(iii) ln some areas, the soil contains high percentage of soluble salt and lack in organic matter.
(iv) Soil lacks humus and moisture.
(v) The lower horizons of the soil are occupied by Kankar.
(vi) These sols can become cultivable if irrigation facilities are made available as has been in the case of western Rajasthan.
(b) Places: These soils are found in arid areas of Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana.
(2) Forest soils: (a) Features: (i) They are found in mountainous area. (ii) They are loamy and silty in valley slides and coarse grained in the upper slopes. (iii)In the snow covered areas of the Himalayas they are acidic with low humus content.
(b) Places: They are found in the hilly and mountainous areas where sufficient rain forests are available. These places are Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir.
Describe features of laterite soil. Mention the places where they are found in India.
Laterite soil: (a) Features: (i) Laterite has been derived from the Latin word 'later' which means brick. It develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall. (ii) Humus content of the soil is low. (iii) They lack in elements of fertility and are of low value for crop production. (iv) TheyRead more
Laterite soil: (a) Features: (i) Laterite has been derived from the Latin word ‘later’ which means brick. It develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall.
See less(ii) Humus content of the soil is low.
(iii) They lack in elements of fertility and are of low value for crop production.
(iv) They are composed of little clay and much gravel of red sandstones.
(v) They are suitable for cultivation with manures and fertilizers.
(b) Places: (l) They are found in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and hilly areas of Orissa and Assam.
(ii) After adopting appropriate soil conservation techniques particularly in the hilly areas of Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, this soil is very useful for growing tea and coffee.
(iii) Red laterite soil in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala are more suitable for crops like cashew nut.