When a source of sound creates a disturbance in a medium, it sets neighboring particles into motion, which in turn disturbs adjacent particles.

When an object vibrates, it displaces particles of the medium from their equilibrium positions, causing them to oscillate. These oscillating particles then transmit the sound energy by exerting forces on adjacent particles.

Sound moves through a medium as waves, with the vibrating object causing particles of the medium to oscillate, transmitting the sound energy from the source to the listener.

In the context of sound transmission, a medium refers to the matter or substance through which sound travels. It can be solid, liquid, or gas.

No, sound cannot be produced without utilizing energy. Any sound-producing action, such as clapping, requires the expenditure of energy. Energy is necessary to cause vibrations in the air molecules, which propagate as sound waves.