Sweet tooth leads to tooth decay It is caused by the action of Bacteria on food particles remaining in the mouth which can't see by naked eyes and acid is formed. Remember, the pH of the mouth falls below 5.5 and the tooth enamel dissolves resulting in cavities Toothpastes are generally basic, the nRead more
Sweet tooth leads to tooth decay It is caused by the action of Bacteria on food particles remaining in the mouth which can’t see by naked eyes and acid is formed. Remember, the pH of the mouth falls below 5.5 and the tooth enamel dissolves resulting in cavities Toothpastes are generally basic, the nature of basic is that they neutralise the excess acid produced in the mouth and prevent tooth decay.
After fertilization in a flowering plant, several events occur that lead to the development of seeds and, eventually, the formation of new plants. Here is a summary of the key events that take place after fertilization: 1) Zygote Formation: Fertilization occurs when a pollen grain (containing male gRead more
After fertilization in a flowering plant, several events occur that lead to the development of seeds and, eventually, the formation of new plants. Here is a summary of the key events that take place after fertilization:
1) Zygote Formation: Fertilization occurs when a pollen grain (containing male gametes or sperm) fuses with the egg cell in the ovule of the flower. This results in the formation of a zygote, which is the first cell of the new sporophyte generation.
2) Embryo Development: The zygote undergoes multiple rounds of cell division through the process of embryogenesis, forming an embryo within the ovule. The embryo consists of a young plant with the basic tissues and structures that will develop into a mature plant.
3) Seed Formation: The ovule, now fertilized and containing the developing embryo, transforms into a seed. The seed typically consists of the embryo, stored food reserves, and a protective seed coat. The seed serves as a dormant stage that can withstand adverse conditions until germination.
4) Ovary Development: The fertilized ovule stimulates the development of the ovary into a fruit. The fruit protects the developing seeds and aids in their dispersal. The ovary wall often undergoes changes, becoming the fruit wall.
5) Seed Dispersal: Mature fruits facilitate the dispersal of seeds. Dispersal mechanisms vary and can include wind, water, animals, or other external factors. This helps the seeds colonize new areas and reduces competition with parent plants.
6) Germination: Under favorable environmental conditions (such as moisture, warmth, and suitable soil), the seed undergoes germination. The embryo resumes growth, and the seed coat splits open. The emerging root (radicle) anchors the plant, while the shoot (plumule) grows upward towards the light.
7) Establishment of a New Plant: As the seedling continues to grow, it develops leaves, stems, and roots. It transitions from relying on stored seed reserves to producing its own energy through photosynthesis. The plant matures into an adult, and the life cycle repeats when it produces flowers and undergoes pollination and fertilization.
These events collectively represent the life cycle of a flowering plant, highlighting the stages from fertilization to the establishment of a new generation.
One common nutrient that is absorbed in the small intestine and reabsorbed by the kidney tubules is glucose/amino acids. After the digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine, glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream. In the kidneys, glucose is typically filtered out of the blood during the inRead more
One common nutrient that is absorbed in the small intestine and reabsorbed by the kidney tubules is glucose/amino acids. After the digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine, glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream. In the kidneys, glucose is typically filtered out of the blood during the initial stages of urine formation. However, under normal physiological conditions, almost all of the filtered glucose is reabsorbed by the renal tubules and returned to the bloodstream, helping to maintain normal blood glucose levels.
Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is formed by the transfer of electrons between magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) atoms. This process involves ionic bonding, where electrons are transferred from the magnesium atoms to the chlorine atoms. Magnesium is a metal, and it tends to lose two electrons to achieve aRead more
Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is formed by the transfer of electrons between magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) atoms. This process involves ionic bonding, where electrons are transferred from the magnesium atoms to the chlorine atoms.
Magnesium is a metal, and it tends to lose two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of a noble gas. When magnesium reacts with chlorine, which is a non-metal and tends to gain one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, the following reaction occurs:
In this reaction, magnesium loses two electrons to form Mg2+ ions, and each chlorine atom gains one electron to form Cl- ions. The resulting magnesium chloride (MgCl2) compound consists of positively charged magnesium ions (Mg2+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-).
When magnesium chloride is dissolved in water, it dissociates into its constituent ions:
MgCl2 (solid) ⇌ Mg2+ (aqueous) + 2Cl- (aqueous)
The presence of free-moving ions in the solution allows it to conduct electricity. In the dissolved state, the Mg2+ and Cl- ions are mobile and can carry an electric charge. Therefore, the solution of magnesium chloride is an electrolyte and can conduct electricity. The extent of conductivity depends on the concentration of ions in the solution; higher concentrations generally result in better conductivity.
The presence of coliform bacteria in water bodies is often an indicator of contamination. Coliform bacteria are a group of bacteria that are commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans. The presence of coliform bacteria in water suggests that fecal contamination may haRead more
The presence of coliform bacteria in water bodies is often an indicator of contamination. Coliform bacteria are a group of bacteria that are commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans. The presence of coliform bacteria in water suggests that fecal contamination may have occurred, as these bacteria are associated with the digestive tracts of animals. One specific type of coliform bacteria that is frequently used as an indicator of water contamination is Escherichia coli (E. coli). Monitoring coliform levels in water is a common practice to assess water quality and potential health risks associated with the presence of fecal contamination.
Four methods of contraception used by humans include: 1) Barrier Methods: Examples: Condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps. These methods physically prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Condoms, in addition to preventing pregnancy, also provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).Read more
Four methods of contraception used by humans include:
1) Barrier Methods:
Examples: Condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps.
These methods physically prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Condoms, in addition to preventing pregnancy, also provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
2)Hormonal Methods:
Examples: Birth control pills, patches, injections, hormonal IUDs.
These methods use hormones (usually estrogen and/or progestin) to regulate the reproductive system and prevent ovulation, making it difficult for sperm to fertilize an egg.
3)Intrauterine Devices (IUDs):
Examples: Copper IUDs, hormonal IUDs.
IUDs are small, T-shaped devices placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Copper IUDs create an environment that is toxic to sperm, while hormonal IUDs release hormones that affect the reproductive process.
4)Sterilization:
Examples: Tubal ligation (for females), vasectomy (for males).
Sterilization involves permanent blocking or sealing of the fallopian tubes (tubal ligation) in females or the vas deferens (vasectomy) in males, preventing the meeting of sperm and egg.
The use of contraception can have direct effects on the health and prosperity of a family in several ways:
1)Health:
(i) Prevention of Unintended Pregnancies: Contraception helps couples plan and space their pregnancies, reducing the risk of unintended pregnancies. This allows individuals to better manage their health and well-being by avoiding pregnancies that may be physically or emotionally challenging.
(ii) Maternal Health: Proper use of contraception can contribute to maternal health by allowing women to space out pregnancies, giving their bodies sufficient time to recover between childbirths.
2)Economic Prosperity:
(i) Family Planning: Contraception allows families to plan the number and timing of their children. This family planning can positively impact economic prosperity by enabling parents to invest in their education, careers, and financial stability. Smaller, well-timed families often find it easier to provide for their children’s needs.
3) Educational Opportunities:
i) Delaying Parenthood: Contraception provides the opportunity for individuals to delay parenthood until they are emotionally and financially ready. This can lead to increased educational attainment, as individuals can pursue higher education and career goals before starting a family.
4) Reduced Health Risks:
i) Spacing of Pregnancies: Contraception supports the spacing of pregnancies, which is associated with better health outcomes for both mothers and infants. Adequate spacing allows for proper maternal recovery, reduces the risk of complications, and promotes healthier births.
If we say in summary, then you can say that the use of contraception contributes to the overall health and prosperity of a family by allowing for planned pregnancies, promoting maternal health, supporting economic stability, enhancing educational opportunities, and reducing health risks associated with unintended pregnancies.
Here, m = - 3 As image is formed on a wall, the lens should be converging As m = v/u = 3, Or, v = 3u in magnitude. Given, as candle flame is at distance of 6m from the wall, follow the image .....
Here, m = – 3
As image is formed on a wall, the lens should be converging
As m = v/u = 3,
Or, v = 3u in magnitude.
Given, as candle flame is at distance of 6m from the wall,
follow the image …..
The determination of an individual's sex varies among different species, and it can be influenced by either environmental cues or genetically determined factors. This phenomenon is known as sex determination, and the mechanisms can be diverse across the animal kingdom. 1) Genetically Determined: (ExRead more
The determination of an individual’s sex varies among different species, and it can be influenced by either environmental cues or genetically determined factors. This phenomenon is known as sex determination, and the mechanisms can be diverse across the animal kingdom.
1) Genetically Determined: (Example: Mammals, Including Humans)
In mammals, including humans, sex determination is primarily genetically determined. The sex chromosomes play a crucial role. Females typically have two X chromosomes (XX), and males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The presence of the Y chromosome triggers the development of male characteristics. This genetic mechanism is conserved among many mammalian species.
Example: Birds:
In birds, the ZW system is used for sex determination. Females have a Z and a W chromosome (ZW), while males have two Z chromosomes (ZZ). The inheritance of the Z chromosome determines the development of male characteristics. This is an example of genetic sex determination in avian species.
2) Environmentally Influenced: (Example: Reptiles)
In reptiles, such as certain species of turtles and crocodiles, the sex of the offspring is influenced by the temperature at which the eggs are incubated. This is known as temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). For example, in some turtle species, higher temperatures during incubation lead to the development of females, while lower temperatures lead to males. The specific temperature thresholds vary between species.
Example: Fish:
Some fish species exhibit environmental sex determination (ESD), where environmental factors, such as temperature, pH, or social conditions, influence the sex of the individuals. For instance, in some species of fish, the ratio of males to females in a population can be influenced by the water temperature during the early stages of development.
Example: Some Amphibians:
Certain amphibians, like frogs, also show environmental influences on sex determination. For some species, environmental factors, including temperature and humidity, can affect the development of male or female characteristics in the tadpoles.
In summary, we can say that – the mechanisms of sex determination vary across species. While many mammals, including humans, rely on genetic factors (chromosomal composition) to determine sex, other organisms, such as reptiles, fish, and amphibians, may be influenced by environmental cues like temperature. The diversity in sex determination strategies highlights the adaptability of different species to their environments and evolutionary pressures.
According to the CBSE, the examinations for class 10 will begin on February 15, 2024, and continue till March 13, 2024. The 12th board examination will also start on February 15, 2024 and end on April 2, 2024.
According to the CBSE, the examinations for class 10 will begin on February 15, 2024, and continue till March 13, 2024. The 12th board examination will also start on February 15, 2024 and end on April 2, 2024.
‘Sweet tooth may lead to tooth decay’. Explain why? What is the role of tooth paste in preventing cavities?
Sweet tooth leads to tooth decay It is caused by the action of Bacteria on food particles remaining in the mouth which can't see by naked eyes and acid is formed. Remember, the pH of the mouth falls below 5.5 and the tooth enamel dissolves resulting in cavities Toothpastes are generally basic, the nRead more
Sweet tooth leads to tooth decay It is caused by the action of Bacteria on food particles remaining in the mouth which can’t see by naked eyes and acid is formed. Remember, the pH of the mouth falls below 5.5 and the tooth enamel dissolves resulting in cavities Toothpastes are generally basic, the nature of basic is that they neutralise the excess acid produced in the mouth and prevent tooth decay.
See lessA ray of light enters into benzene from air. If the refractive index of benzene is 1.50, by what percent does the speed of light reduce on entering the benzene?
The speed of light in a medium is related to its refractive index by the equation:
The speed of light in a medium is related to its refractive index by the equation:
See lessIn a flowering plant, summarize the events that take place after fertilization.
After fertilization in a flowering plant, several events occur that lead to the development of seeds and, eventually, the formation of new plants. Here is a summary of the key events that take place after fertilization: 1) Zygote Formation: Fertilization occurs when a pollen grain (containing male gRead more
After fertilization in a flowering plant, several events occur that lead to the development of seeds and, eventually, the formation of new plants. Here is a summary of the key events that take place after fertilization:
1) Zygote Formation: Fertilization occurs when a pollen grain (containing male gametes or sperm) fuses with the egg cell in the ovule of the flower. This results in the formation of a zygote, which is the first cell of the new sporophyte generation.
2) Embryo Development: The zygote undergoes multiple rounds of cell division through the process of embryogenesis, forming an embryo within the ovule. The embryo consists of a young plant with the basic tissues and structures that will develop into a mature plant.
3) Seed Formation: The ovule, now fertilized and containing the developing embryo, transforms into a seed. The seed typically consists of the embryo, stored food reserves, and a protective seed coat. The seed serves as a dormant stage that can withstand adverse conditions until germination.
4) Ovary Development: The fertilized ovule stimulates the development of the ovary into a fruit. The fruit protects the developing seeds and aids in their dispersal. The ovary wall often undergoes changes, becoming the fruit wall.
5) Seed Dispersal: Mature fruits facilitate the dispersal of seeds. Dispersal mechanisms vary and can include wind, water, animals, or other external factors. This helps the seeds colonize new areas and reduces competition with parent plants.
6) Germination: Under favorable environmental conditions (such as moisture, warmth, and suitable soil), the seed undergoes germination. The embryo resumes growth, and the seed coat splits open. The emerging root (radicle) anchors the plant, while the shoot (plumule) grows upward towards the light.
7) Establishment of a New Plant: As the seedling continues to grow, it develops leaves, stems, and roots. It transitions from relying on stored seed reserves to producing its own energy through photosynthesis. The plant matures into an adult, and the life cycle repeats when it produces flowers and undergoes pollination and fertilization.
These events collectively represent the life cycle of a flowering plant, highlighting the stages from fertilization to the establishment of a new generation.
See lessName a common nutrient that is absorbed in the small intestine and reabsorbed by the kidney tubules.
One common nutrient that is absorbed in the small intestine and reabsorbed by the kidney tubules is glucose/amino acids. After the digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine, glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream. In the kidneys, glucose is typically filtered out of the blood during the inRead more
One common nutrient that is absorbed in the small intestine and reabsorbed by the kidney tubules is glucose/amino acids. After the digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine, glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream. In the kidneys, glucose is typically filtered out of the blood during the initial stages of urine formation. However, under normal physiological conditions, almost all of the filtered glucose is reabsorbed by the renal tubules and returned to the bloodstream, helping to maintain normal blood glucose levels.
Hope you like my answer 👍👍👍
See lessHow is Magnesium Chloride formed by the transfer of electrons? Why does the solution of Magnesium chloride conduct electricity?
Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is formed by the transfer of electrons between magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) atoms. This process involves ionic bonding, where electrons are transferred from the magnesium atoms to the chlorine atoms. Magnesium is a metal, and it tends to lose two electrons to achieve aRead more
Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is formed by the transfer of electrons between magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl) atoms. This process involves ionic bonding, where electrons are transferred from the magnesium atoms to the chlorine atoms.
Magnesium is a metal, and it tends to lose two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration similar to that of a noble gas. When magnesium reacts with chlorine, which is a non-metal and tends to gain one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, the following reaction occurs:
Mg (metal) + 2Cl2 (non-metal) → MgCl2 (ionic-compound)
In this reaction, magnesium loses two electrons to form Mg2+ ions, and each chlorine atom gains one electron to form Cl- ions. The resulting magnesium chloride (MgCl2) compound consists of positively charged magnesium ions (Mg2+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-).
When magnesium chloride is dissolved in water, it dissociates into its constituent ions:
MgCl2 (solid) ⇌ Mg2+ (aqueous) + 2Cl- (aqueous)
The presence of free-moving ions in the solution allows it to conduct electricity. In the dissolved state, the Mg2+ and Cl- ions are mobile and can carry an electric charge. Therefore, the solution of magnesium chloride is an electrolyte and can conduct electricity. The extent of conductivity depends on the concentration of ions in the solution; higher concentrations generally result in better conductivity.
See lessThe presence of a particular group of bacteria in water bodies indicates contamination. Identify the group.
The presence of coliform bacteria in water bodies is often an indicator of contamination. Coliform bacteria are a group of bacteria that are commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans. The presence of coliform bacteria in water suggests that fecal contamination may haRead more
The presence of coliform bacteria in water bodies is often an indicator of contamination. Coliform bacteria are a group of bacteria that are commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans. The presence of coliform bacteria in water suggests that fecal contamination may have occurred, as these bacteria are associated with the digestive tracts of animals. One specific type of coliform bacteria that is frequently used as an indicator of water contamination is Escherichia coli (E. coli). Monitoring coliform levels in water is a common practice to assess water quality and potential health risks associated with the presence of fecal contamination.
See lessList any four methods of contraception used by humans. How does the use of three methods have a direct effect on the heath and prosperity of a family?
Four methods of contraception used by humans include: 1) Barrier Methods: Examples: Condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps. These methods physically prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Condoms, in addition to preventing pregnancy, also provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).Read more
Four methods of contraception used by humans include:
1) Barrier Methods:
Examples: Condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps.
These methods physically prevent sperm from reaching the egg. Condoms, in addition to preventing pregnancy, also provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
2)Hormonal Methods:
Examples: Birth control pills, patches, injections, hormonal IUDs.
These methods use hormones (usually estrogen and/or progestin) to regulate the reproductive system and prevent ovulation, making it difficult for sperm to fertilize an egg.
3)Intrauterine Devices (IUDs):
Examples: Copper IUDs, hormonal IUDs.
IUDs are small, T-shaped devices placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Copper IUDs create an environment that is toxic to sperm, while hormonal IUDs release hormones that affect the reproductive process.
4)Sterilization:
Examples: Tubal ligation (for females), vasectomy (for males).
Sterilization involves permanent blocking or sealing of the fallopian tubes (tubal ligation) in females or the vas deferens (vasectomy) in males, preventing the meeting of sperm and egg.
The use of contraception can have direct effects on the health and prosperity of a family in several ways:
1)Health:
(i) Prevention of Unintended Pregnancies: Contraception helps couples plan and space their pregnancies, reducing the risk of unintended pregnancies. This allows individuals to better manage their health and well-being by avoiding pregnancies that may be physically or emotionally challenging.
(ii) Maternal Health: Proper use of contraception can contribute to maternal health by allowing women to space out pregnancies, giving their bodies sufficient time to recover between childbirths.
2)Economic Prosperity:
(i) Family Planning: Contraception allows families to plan the number and timing of their children. This family planning can positively impact economic prosperity by enabling parents to invest in their education, careers, and financial stability. Smaller, well-timed families often find it easier to provide for their children’s needs.
3) Educational Opportunities:
i) Delaying Parenthood: Contraception provides the opportunity for individuals to delay parenthood until they are emotionally and financially ready. This can lead to increased educational attainment, as individuals can pursue higher education and career goals before starting a family.
4) Reduced Health Risks:
i) Spacing of Pregnancies: Contraception supports the spacing of pregnancies, which is associated with better health outcomes for both mothers and infants. Adequate spacing allows for proper maternal recovery, reduces the risk of complications, and promotes healthier births.
If we say in summary, then you can say that the use of contraception contributes to the overall health and prosperity of a family by allowing for planned pregnancies, promoting maternal health, supporting economic stability, enhancing educational opportunities, and reducing health risks associated with unintended pregnancies.
See lessA student has to project a three times magnified image of a candle flame on a wall. Name the type of the lens (converging/ diverging) required for the purpose. It the candle flame is at a distance of 6 m from the wall, find the focal length of the lens.
Here, m = - 3 As image is formed on a wall, the lens should be converging As m = v/u = 3, Or, v = 3u in magnitude. Given, as candle flame is at distance of 6m from the wall, follow the image .....
Here, m = – 3
See lessAs image is formed on a wall, the lens should be converging
As m = v/u = 3,
Or, v = 3u in magnitude.
Given, as candle flame is at distance of 6m from the wall,
follow the image …..
Different species use different strategies to determine sex of a new born individual. It can be environmental cues or genetically determined”. Justify this statement giving reason/example.
The determination of an individual's sex varies among different species, and it can be influenced by either environmental cues or genetically determined factors. This phenomenon is known as sex determination, and the mechanisms can be diverse across the animal kingdom. 1) Genetically Determined: (ExRead more
The determination of an individual’s sex varies among different species, and it can be influenced by either environmental cues or genetically determined factors. This phenomenon is known as sex determination, and the mechanisms can be diverse across the animal kingdom.
1) Genetically Determined: (Example: Mammals, Including Humans)
In mammals, including humans, sex determination is primarily genetically determined. The sex chromosomes play a crucial role. Females typically have two X chromosomes (XX), and males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The presence of the Y chromosome triggers the development of male characteristics. This genetic mechanism is conserved among many mammalian species.
Example: Birds:
In birds, the ZW system is used for sex determination. Females have a Z and a W chromosome (ZW), while males have two Z chromosomes (ZZ). The inheritance of the Z chromosome determines the development of male characteristics. This is an example of genetic sex determination in avian species.
2) Environmentally Influenced: (Example: Reptiles)
In reptiles, such as certain species of turtles and crocodiles, the sex of the offspring is influenced by the temperature at which the eggs are incubated. This is known as temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). For example, in some turtle species, higher temperatures during incubation lead to the development of females, while lower temperatures lead to males. The specific temperature thresholds vary between species.
Example: Fish:
Some fish species exhibit environmental sex determination (ESD), where environmental factors, such as temperature, pH, or social conditions, influence the sex of the individuals. For instance, in some species of fish, the ratio of males to females in a population can be influenced by the water temperature during the early stages of development.
Example: Some Amphibians:
Certain amphibians, like frogs, also show environmental influences on sex determination. For some species, environmental factors, including temperature and humidity, can affect the development of male or female characteristics in the tadpoles.
In summary, we can say that – the mechanisms of sex determination vary across species. While many mammals, including humans, rely on genetic factors (chromosomal composition) to determine sex, other organisms, such as reptiles, fish, and amphibians, may be influenced by environmental cues like temperature. The diversity in sex determination strategies highlights the adaptability of different species to their environments and evolutionary pressures.
See lessWhen will CBSE board exam 2023-2024 start?
According to the CBSE, the examinations for class 10 will begin on February 15, 2024, and continue till March 13, 2024. The 12th board examination will also start on February 15, 2024 and end on April 2, 2024.
According to the CBSE, the examinations for class 10 will begin on February 15, 2024, and continue till March 13, 2024. The 12th board examination will also start on February 15, 2024 and end on April 2, 2024.
See less