To convert Celsius to Kelvin, simply add 273.15 to the Celsius temperature. The Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero, so this addition adjusts the Celsius temperature to the Kelvin scale.
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A clinical thermometer cannot be used for boiling water or ice, as it typically measures temperatures between 35°C and 42°C. Boiling water exceeds this range, and ice is below it, potentially damaging the thermometer.
Before thermometers, fever was detected through physical signs like feeling unusually warm or hot to touch, and by observing symptoms such as sweating, shivering, or changes in skin color and behavior.
To measure temperatures beyond the range of a clinical thermometer, use specialized thermometers such as digital thermometers, infrared thermometers, or laboratory thermometers designed for higher or lower temperature ranges, depending on the measurement needs.
Infrared thermometers work by detecting infrared radiation emitted by an object. They use sensors to convert this radiation into an electrical signal, which is then displayed as a temperature reading.