Scientists conducted various experiments and proposed theoretical models to elucidate the arrangement of protons and electrons within atoms, leading to the development of atomic models such as the Bohr model and later the quantum mechanical model.
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Understanding the structure of atoms was crucial for comprehending the fundamental properties of matter and the behavior of chemical elements.
Protons were thought to be located in the interior of the atom because electrons could be easily removed from atoms, whereas protons seemed to remain bound within the atom.
Scientists observed that atoms exhibited both positive and negative charges, leading them to infer the presence of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons within atoms.
The mass of an electron is considered negligible, and its charge is minus one (-1).
The charge of a proton is represented as plus one (+1).
Electrons are represented as ‘e-‘ and protons as ‘p+’.
The mass of a proton is approximately 2000 times that of an electron.
The discovery of the proton, with a positive charge equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to that of the electron, further confirmed the existence of sub-atomic particles and provided insights into atomic structure.
The discovery of canal rays indicated the presence of positively charged particles in atoms, providing evidence for the existence of sub-atomic particles other than electrons.