Newton’s observations of celestial motions and his logical reasoning led to the recognition of gravitational force as a fundamental force in nature, governing the motion of objects on both terrestrial and cosmic scales.

Newton’s conclusion established that gravitational force is a universal phenomenon, acting between all objects with mass, from celestial bodies like planets and stars to everyday objects on Earth.

Newton reasoned that if the Earth can attract an apple and the moon, then all objects in the universe must attract each other, leading to the concept of gravitational force between all objects.

Newton observed that all planets orbit around the Sun, suggesting the presence of a force between them, similar to the force between the Earth and the moon.

Newton observed that the motion of the moon around the Earth resembled the motion of objects falling towards the Earth’s surface, prompting him to consider whether the Earth’s gravitational force also affects the moon.

The centripetal force continuously pulls objects towards the center of their circular path, preventing them from moving in a straight line and maintaining their circular motion.

In circular motion, the tangent to the circular path represents the direction an object would take in the absence of a centripetal force, moving in a straight line.

Without the centripetal force provided by Earth’s gravity, the moon would pursue a uniform straight-line motion instead of orbiting around the Earth.

The centripetal force for the moon’s orbit around the Earth is provided by the gravitational attraction of the Earth.

The moon’s motion is a result of a balance between its inertia and the gravitational force of the Earth, causing it to orbit rather than fall directly towards the Earth.