Villi increase the surface area of the inner lining of the small intestine, facilitating the absorption of digested food into the bloodstream.

Intestinal juice, secreted by glands in the walls of the small intestine, contains enzymes that further break down proteins into amino acids, complex carbohydrates into glucose, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Pancreatic juice contains enzymes like trypsin, which digest proteins, and lipase, which breaks down emulsified fats.

Bile salts break down large fat globules into smaller ones, facilitating the action of digestive enzymes, similar to how soaps emulsify dirt.

Bile juice from the liver is released into the small intestine to neutralize the acidic contents coming from the stomach.

The small intestine is responsible for the complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

The length of the small intestine varies among animals based on their dietary habits. Herbivores consuming cellulose-rich diets, like grass, require longer intestines for more extensive digestion. In contrast, carnivores, such as tigers, with diets easier to digest, have shorter ...

The small intestine is the longest part of the alimentary canal because it is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption. Its extensive coiling increases its surface area, facilitating efficient absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.

The exit of food from the stomach is regulated by a sphincter muscle, which releases it in small amounts into the small intestine, allowing for controlled digestion and absorption.

Mucus secreted by gastric glands forms a protective layer over the stomach lining, preventing damage from the acidic environment and digestive enzymes present in the stomach.