During fertilization, two germ cells combine, and each contributes one chromosome from each pair. This process restores the diploid number of chromosomes in the progeny, ensuring the stability of the species’ DNA and maintaining genetic integrity.

Having two copies of each chromosome in germ cells ensures genetic diversity and allows for independent assortment during meiosis. It also enables the restoration of the normal number of chromosomes in the progeny when germ cells combine during fertilization.

If ‘R’ and ‘y’ were linked in the progeny plants due to inheriting a single whole gene set from each parent, independent assortment and recombination of these characteristics would be compromised. This linkage would prevent the independent expression of ...

Inheritance of a single whole gene set from each parent ensures independent assortment of genes during meiosis. If progeny plants inherited both gene sets from one parent, the characteristics ‘R’ and ‘y’ would be linked, making it impossible to observe ...

Germ cells undergo a process called meiosis, during which the chromosome number is halved. This reduction results in the formation of haploid cells with a single set of genes instead of the usual diploid cells with two sets.