(i) The Prime Minister is the most important institution in the country; yet there is no direct election to the post of the Prime Minister' (ii) The President appoints the Prime Minister. He appoints the leader of the majority party or coalition of parties that commands a majority in the Lok Sabha,Read more
(i) The Prime Minister is the most important institution in the country; yet
there is no direct election to the post of the Prime Minister’
(ii) The President appoints the Prime Minister. He appoints the leader of
the majority party or coalition of parties that commands a majority in
the Lok Sabha, as the Prime Minister.
(iii) In case no single party or alliance gets a majority, the President appoints
the per-son who is most likely to secure a majority support.
(iv) The Prime minister does not have a fixed tenure. He continues in power
so long as he remains the leader of the majority party or coalition.
(i) The Parliament is the final authority for making laws in any country. Parliaments all over the world can make laws, change existing laws or abolish existing laws, and make new ones in their place. (ii) Parliaments exercise some control over those who run the government. Those who run the governmRead more
(i) The Parliament is the final authority for making laws in any country.
Parliaments all over the world can make laws, change existing laws or
abolish existing laws, and make new ones in their place.
(ii) Parliaments exercise some control over those who run the government.
Those who run the government can take decisions only as long as they
enjoy the support of the Parliament.
(iii) Parliaments control all the money that governments have. ln most
countries, the public money can be spent only when the Parliament
sanctions it.
. (i) Some persons and associations opposed this order and filed a number of cases in the courts. (ii) They appealed to the court's to declare the or-der invalid and stop its implementation. (iii) The Supreme Court of India bunched all these cases together. This case was known as 'Indira Sawhney andRead more
. (i) Some persons and associations opposed this order and filed a number of
cases in the courts.
(ii) They appealed to the court’s to declare the or-der invalid and stop its
implementation.
(iii) The Supreme Court of India bunched all these cases together. This case
was known as ‘Indira Sawhney and others Vs Union of India case’.
(iv) Eleven judges of the Supreme Court heard the arguments of both sides.
(v) By a majority, the Supreme Court judges in 1992 declared that this
order of the Government of India was valid.
(vi) At the same time, the Supreme Court asked the government to modif1,.
its original order.
(vii) It said that well-to-do persons among the backward classes should be
excluded from getting the benefit of reservation.
(viii) Accordingly, the Department of Personnel and Training issued another’
Memorandum on September’8, 1993. The dispute thus came to an end
and this policy has been followed since then.
. (i) The President of India in his address to the Parliament announced the intention of the government to implement the recommendations of the Mandal Commission. (ii) On 6 August 1990, the Union Cabinet took a formal decision to implement the recommendations. (iii) Next day, the then Prime MinisterRead more
. (i) The President of India in his address to the Parliament announced the
intention of the government to implement the recommendations of the
Mandal Commission.
(ii) On 6 August 1990, the Union Cabinet took a formal decision to
implement the recommendations.
(iii) Next day, the then Prime Minister V.P Singh informed the Parliament
about this decision through a statement in both the Houses of Parliament.
(iv) The decision of the Cabinet was sent to the Department of Personnel
and Training. The senior officers of the department drafted an older
in line with the Cabinet decision and took the minister’s approval. An
officer signed the order on behalf of the Union government called the
‘Office Memorandum’.
(i) The government of India had appointed the Second Backward classes Commission in 1979. It was headed by B.P Mandal. (ii) Hence, it was popularly called the Mandal Commission. (iii) It was asked to determine the criteria to identify the socially and educationally backward classes in India and recoRead more
(i) The government of India had appointed the Second Backward classes
Commission in 1979. It was headed by B.P Mandal.
(ii) Hence, it was popularly called the Mandal Commission.
(iii) It was asked to determine the criteria to identify the socially and
educationally backward classes in India and recommend steps to be
taken for their advancement.
(iv) The Commission gave a report in 1980 and made many recommendations.
One of these was that 27 per cent of the government jobs to be reserved
for the socially and economically backward classes.
How is the Prime Minister elected?
(i) The Prime Minister is the most important institution in the country; yet there is no direct election to the post of the Prime Minister' (ii) The President appoints the Prime Minister. He appoints the leader of the majority party or coalition of parties that commands a majority in the Lok Sabha,Read more
(i) The Prime Minister is the most important institution in the country; yet
See lessthere is no direct election to the post of the Prime Minister’
(ii) The President appoints the Prime Minister. He appoints the leader of
the majority party or coalition of parties that commands a majority in
the Lok Sabha, as the Prime Minister.
(iii) In case no single party or alliance gets a majority, the President appoints
the per-son who is most likely to secure a majority support.
(iv) The Prime minister does not have a fixed tenure. He continues in power
so long as he remains the leader of the majority party or coalition.
What are the main functions of the Parliament?
(i) The Parliament is the final authority for making laws in any country. Parliaments all over the world can make laws, change existing laws or abolish existing laws, and make new ones in their place. (ii) Parliaments exercise some control over those who run the government. Those who run the governmRead more
(i) The Parliament is the final authority for making laws in any country.
See lessParliaments all over the world can make laws, change existing laws or
abolish existing laws, and make new ones in their place.
(ii) Parliaments exercise some control over those who run the government.
Those who run the government can take decisions only as long as they
enjoy the support of the Parliament.
(iii) Parliaments control all the money that governments have. ln most
countries, the public money can be spent only when the Parliament
sanctions it.
Who resolved the dispute of the Mandal Commission? How did it materialise later on?
. (i) Some persons and associations opposed this order and filed a number of cases in the courts. (ii) They appealed to the court's to declare the or-der invalid and stop its implementation. (iii) The Supreme Court of India bunched all these cases together. This case was known as 'Indira Sawhney andRead more
. (i) Some persons and associations opposed this order and filed a number of
See lesscases in the courts.
(ii) They appealed to the court’s to declare the or-der invalid and stop its
implementation.
(iii) The Supreme Court of India bunched all these cases together. This case
was known as ‘Indira Sawhney and others Vs Union of India case’.
(iv) Eleven judges of the Supreme Court heard the arguments of both sides.
(v) By a majority, the Supreme Court judges in 1992 declared that this
order of the Government of India was valid.
(vi) At the same time, the Supreme Court asked the government to modif1,.
its original order.
(vii) It said that well-to-do persons among the backward classes should be
excluded from getting the benefit of reservation.
(viii) Accordingly, the Department of Personnel and Training issued another’
Memorandum on September’8, 1993. The dispute thus came to an end
and this policy has been followed since then.
What developments took place after the recommendations of the Mandal Commission?
. (i) The President of India in his address to the Parliament announced the intention of the government to implement the recommendations of the Mandal Commission. (ii) On 6 August 1990, the Union Cabinet took a formal decision to implement the recommendations. (iii) Next day, the then Prime MinisterRead more
. (i) The President of India in his address to the Parliament announced the
See lessintention of the government to implement the recommendations of the
Mandal Commission.
(ii) On 6 August 1990, the Union Cabinet took a formal decision to
implement the recommendations.
(iii) Next day, the then Prime Minister V.P Singh informed the Parliament
about this decision through a statement in both the Houses of Parliament.
(iv) The decision of the Cabinet was sent to the Department of Personnel
and Training. The senior officers of the department drafted an older
in line with the Cabinet decision and took the minister’s approval. An
officer signed the order on behalf of the Union government called the
‘Office Memorandum’.
Why was the Mandal Commission appointed by the Indian government?
(i) The government of India had appointed the Second Backward classes Commission in 1979. It was headed by B.P Mandal. (ii) Hence, it was popularly called the Mandal Commission. (iii) It was asked to determine the criteria to identify the socially and educationally backward classes in India and recoRead more
(i) The government of India had appointed the Second Backward classes
See lessCommission in 1979. It was headed by B.P Mandal.
(ii) Hence, it was popularly called the Mandal Commission.
(iii) It was asked to determine the criteria to identify the socially and
educationally backward classes in India and recommend steps to be
taken for their advancement.
(iv) The Commission gave a report in 1980 and made many recommendations.
One of these was that 27 per cent of the government jobs to be reserved
for the socially and economically backward classes.