1. (i) The urban population in the US was growing and the export market was becoming even bigger. (ii) As the demand increased, wheat prices rose encouraging farmers to produce wheat. (iii) American settlers laid down railway lines, that made it easier to transport grain for wheat growing regions for tRead more

    (i) The urban population in the US was growing and the export market was
    becoming even bigger.
    (ii) As the demand increased, wheat prices rose encouraging farmers to
    produce wheat.
    (iii) American settlers laid down railway lines, that made it easier to transport
    grain for wheat growing regions for the export to European countries.
    (iv) During World War many countries lost their production, so US fed
    Europe.
    (v) US President rightly said, “Plant more wheat, wheat will win the war.”

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  2. (i) When the British conquered Bengal, they made a determined effort to produce opium in the lands under their control. (ii) As the market for opium expanded in China, larger volumes of opium flowed out of Bengal Ports. (iii) Before 1767 , no more than 500 chests of tea were being exported from lndiRead more

    (i) When the British conquered Bengal, they made a determined effort to
    produce opium in the lands under their control.
    (ii) As the market for opium expanded in China, larger volumes of opium
    flowed out of Bengal Ports.
    (iii) Before 1767 , no more than 500 chests of tea were being exported from
    lndia.
    (iv) Within four years, the quantity tripled.
    (v) A hundred years later, in 1870, the government was exporting about
    50,000 chests annually.

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  3. (i) In the late 18th century, the English East India Company was buying tea and silk from China for sale in England. (ii) As tea became a popular English drink, the tea trade became more and more important. (iii) In 1785, about 15 million pounds of tea was being imported into England. (iv) By 1830,Read more

    (i) In the late 18th century, the English East India Company was buying tea
    and silk from China for sale in England.
    (ii) As tea became a popular English drink, the tea trade became more and
    more important.
    (iii) In 1785, about 15 million pounds of tea was being imported into
    England.
    (iv) By 1830, the figure had jumped over 30 million pounds.
    (v) In fact, the profits of the East India Company began to depend on the
    tea trade.

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  4. (i) For the poorer farmers, machinery brought misery. It{any of them deserted their farms and looked for jobs elsewhere. (ii) But jobs were difficult to find. Mechanisation had reduced the need for labour. (iii) The boom of the late 19th century seemed to have come to an end by the mid- 1920s. (iv)Read more

    (i) For the poorer farmers, machinery brought misery. It{any of them
    deserted their farms and looked for jobs elsewhere.
    (ii) But jobs were difficult to find. Mechanisation had reduced the need for
    labour.
    (iii) The boom of the late 19th century seemed to have come to an end by the
    mid- 1920s.
    (iv) After that, most farmers faced trouble. Production had expanded so
    rapidly during the war and post-war years that there was a large surplus.
    (v) Unsold stocks piled up, structures overflowed with grain and vast
    amounts of corn and wheat were turned into animal feed.
    (vi) Wheat prices fell and export workers collapsed. This created the
    grounds for the great Agrarian Depression of the l930s that ruined
    wheat farmers everywhere.

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  5. (i) Once the crop had ripened, it had to be harvested. Before the 1830s, the grain used to be harvested with a cradle or sickle. (ii) At harvest time, hundreds of men and women could be seen in the fields cutting the crop. (iii) In 1831, Cyrus McCormick invented the first mechanical reaper which couRead more

    (i) Once the crop had ripened, it had to be harvested. Before the 1830s, the
    grain used to be harvested with a cradle or sickle.
    (ii) At harvest time, hundreds of men and women could be seen in the fields
    cutting the crop.
    (iii) In 1831, Cyrus McCormick invented the first mechanical reaper which
    could cut in one day as much as five men could cut with cradles and 16
    men with sickles.
    (iv) By the early 20th century most farmers were using combined harvesters
    to cut the crop.
    (v) With one of these machines, 500 acres of wheat could be harvested in
    two weeks.

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