1. (a) The Constitution-makers were particular in providing rights to the minorities because the working of democracy gives power to the majority. It is the language, culture and religion of minorities that needs special protection. In the absence of such protection they may get neglected by the majoriRead more

    (a) The Constitution-makers were particular in providing rights to the minorities because the working of democracy gives power to the majority. It is the language, culture and religion of minorities that needs special protection. In the absence of such protection they may get neglected by the majority. Thus, it is necessary to protect their language, religion and culture.
    (b) These rights are as given below:
    (i) Any section of citizens with a distinct language or culture have a right to conserve it.
    (ii) Admissions to any educational institution maintained by government or receiving government aid cannot be denied to any citizen on the ground of religion or language.
    (iii) Ail minorities have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of
    Their choice.

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  2. Begar is a practice where the worker is forced to render service to the 'master' free of charge or at a nominal remuneration. On the other hand, when 'begar' takes place on a lifelong basis, it is called the practice of bonded labour.

    Begar is a practice where the worker is forced to render service to the ‘master’ free of charge or at a nominal remuneration.
    On the other hand, when ‘begar’ takes place on a lifelong basis, it is called the practice of bonded labour.

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  3. Under this right, three evils as mentioned below have been declared illegal: (i) It prohibits 'traffic in human beings’ i.e., selling and buying of human beings, usually women, for immoral purposes. (ii) It prohibits forced labour or begar in any form. No worker can be forced to work free of chargeRead more

    Under this right, three evils as mentioned below have been declared illegal:
    (i) It prohibits ‘traffic in human beings’ i.e., selling and buying of human beings, usually women, for immoral purposes.
    (ii) It prohibits forced labour or begar in any form. No worker can be forced to work free of
    charge or at a nominal remuneration.
    (iii) It prohibits child labour. No one can employ a child below the age of fourteen to work in any factory or mine or in any other hazardous work, such as railways and ports. Under this right laws have been passed to prohibit children from working in industries such as beedi making, firecrackers and matches, printing and dyeing.

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  4. (l) The Constitution provides that no person can be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. This right continues in all circumstances. (ii) It means that no person can be killed unless the court has ordered a death sentence. It also means that a govRead more

    (l) The Constitution provides that no person can be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law. This right continues in all circumstances.
    (ii) It means that no person can be killed unless the court has ordered a death sentence. It also means that a government or police officer cannot arrest or detain any citizen unless he has proper legal justification. Even when they do so, they have to follow some procedures established
    by law.
    (iii) Procedures for detention/arrest of a person are as given below:
    (a) A person who is arrested and detained in custody will have to be informed of the reasons for such arrest and detention.
    (b) Such person shall be produced before the nearest magistrate within a period of 24 hours of arrest.
    (c) Such a person has the right to consult a lawyer or engage a lawyer for his defense.

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  5. (a) It means a person is free to reside and settle in any part of India. That is why lakhs of people migrate from villages to towns and from poorer regions to prosperous regions. (b) The restrictions can be imposed on a person on this freedom in the interest of public order or security of the state.

    (a) It means a person is free to reside and settle in any part of India. That is why lakhs of people migrate from villages to towns and from poorer regions to prosperous regions.
    (b) The restrictions can be imposed on a person on this freedom in the interest of public order or security of the state.

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