(a) A person is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a given "minimum level" necessary fulfil basic needs. (b) (i) The proportion of people below poverty line is not the same for all social groups and categories in India. The most vulnerable social and economic groupRead more
(a) A person is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a given “minimum level” necessary fulfil basic needs.
(b) (i) The proportion of people below poverty line is not the same for all social groups and categories in India. The most vulnerable social and economic groups are scheduled caste and scheduled tribe households.
(ii) Similary the most vulnerable economic groups households. are the rural agricultural labour households
(a) There are two categories of the executive as follows: (i) Political executive: They are elected by the people e.g., political leaders (ministers). They take decisions in the policy matters. (ii) Permanent executive or Civil Services : They are appointed on a long-term basis. Persons working in cRead more
(a) There are two categories of the executive as follows:
(i) Political executive: They are elected by the people e.g., political leaders (ministers). They take decisions in the policy matters.
(ii) Permanent executive or Civil Services : They are appointed on a long-term basis. Persons working in civil services are called civil servants. They work under political executive and assist them in carrying out the day-to-day administration. They remain in office even when the ruling party changes.
(b) In a democracy the political executive is powerful than the non-political or permanent executive because in a democracy., the will of the people is supreme. The minister is elected by the people and thus empowered to exercise the will of the people on their behalf. Ministers are finally answerable to the people for all the consequences for their decisions. That is why the ministers take the final decisions and are more powerful than the civil servants who give them
expert advice on ail technical matters. The civil servants wo the options about any policy before a minister who takes final decision in the matter keeping in view the welfare of the people.
The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is as mentioned below: (a) Interpretation of the Constitution: The Supreme Court and High Courts have the power to interpret the Constitution of the country. (b) It decides the disputes between citizens of the country, between citizens and government, between twRead more
The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is as mentioned below:
(a) Interpretation of the Constitution: The Supreme Court and High Courts have the
power to interpret the Constitution of the country.
(b) It decides the disputes between citizens of the country, between citizens and government, between two or more state governments and between governments at the union and state level.
(c) Judicial review: The courts can declare any law or actions of the executive invalid if they find such a law or action against the Constitution.
(d) Basic principles ; Tire Supreme Court has also declared that the basic principles of the Constitution cannot be changed by the Parliament.
(e) Guardian of the Fundamental Rights: The citizens can approach the courts to
seek remedy in case of any violation of their rights. The Constitution provides right to Constitutional remedies to the citizens. The courts have the power to issue writs in the matter.
(f) Public Interest Litigation: In recent years, the Courts have given various Judgments to protect public interest and human rights. In view of the above powers of the Supreme Court it is considered as the most powerful in the World.
The Election Commission has wide-ranging powers as mentioned below : (i) EC takes decisions on every aspect of conduct and control of elections. (ii) It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it. (iii) During the election period, the EC can order the governmRead more
The Election Commission has wide-ranging powers as mentioned below :
(i) EC takes decisions on every aspect of conduct and control of elections.
(ii) It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it.
(iii) During the election period, the EC can order the government to follow some
Guideline’s, to prevent use and misuse of governmental power to enhance its chances to win elections, or to transfer some government officials’
(iv) When on election duty, government officers work under the control of the EC and not the government.
The country is divided into different areas for the purpose of elections. These areas are called electoral constituencies. For example, for Lok Sabha elections, there are 543 electoral constituencies in the country.
The country is divided into different areas for the purpose of elections. These areas are called electoral constituencies. For example, for Lok Sabha elections, there are 543 electoral constituencies in the country.
Who are considered poor? Explain and identify the economic and social gropes which are most vulnerable to poverty.
(a) A person is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a given "minimum level" necessary fulfil basic needs. (b) (i) The proportion of people below poverty line is not the same for all social groups and categories in India. The most vulnerable social and economic groupRead more
(a) A person is considered poor if his or her income or consumption level falls below a given “minimum level” necessary fulfil basic needs.
See less(b) (i) The proportion of people below poverty line is not the same for all social groups and categories in India. The most vulnerable social and economic groups are scheduled caste and scheduled tribe households.
(ii) Similary the most vulnerable economic groups households. are the rural agricultural labour households
Describe different types of executive. Compare their powers in a democracy.
(a) There are two categories of the executive as follows: (i) Political executive: They are elected by the people e.g., political leaders (ministers). They take decisions in the policy matters. (ii) Permanent executive or Civil Services : They are appointed on a long-term basis. Persons working in cRead more
(a) There are two categories of the executive as follows:
See less(i) Political executive: They are elected by the people e.g., political leaders (ministers). They take decisions in the policy matters.
(ii) Permanent executive or Civil Services : They are appointed on a long-term basis. Persons working in civil services are called civil servants. They work under political executive and assist them in carrying out the day-to-day administration. They remain in office even when the ruling party changes.
(b) In a democracy the political executive is powerful than the non-political or permanent executive because in a democracy., the will of the people is supreme. The minister is elected by the people and thus empowered to exercise the will of the people on their behalf. Ministers are finally answerable to the people for all the consequences for their decisions. That is why the ministers take the final decisions and are more powerful than the civil servants who give them
expert advice on ail technical matters. The civil servants wo the options about any policy before a minister who takes final decision in the matter keeping in view the welfare of the people.
Describe the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is as mentioned below: (a) Interpretation of the Constitution: The Supreme Court and High Courts have the power to interpret the Constitution of the country. (b) It decides the disputes between citizens of the country, between citizens and government, between twRead more
The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is as mentioned below:
See less(a) Interpretation of the Constitution: The Supreme Court and High Courts have the
power to interpret the Constitution of the country.
(b) It decides the disputes between citizens of the country, between citizens and government, between two or more state governments and between governments at the union and state level.
(c) Judicial review: The courts can declare any law or actions of the executive invalid if they find such a law or action against the Constitution.
(d) Basic principles ; Tire Supreme Court has also declared that the basic principles of the Constitution cannot be changed by the Parliament.
(e) Guardian of the Fundamental Rights: The citizens can approach the courts to
seek remedy in case of any violation of their rights. The Constitution provides right to Constitutional remedies to the citizens. The courts have the power to issue writs in the matter.
(f) Public Interest Litigation: In recent years, the Courts have given various Judgments to protect public interest and human rights. In view of the above powers of the Supreme Court it is considered as the most powerful in the World.
State any three powers of Election Commission of India.
The Election Commission has wide-ranging powers as mentioned below : (i) EC takes decisions on every aspect of conduct and control of elections. (ii) It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it. (iii) During the election period, the EC can order the governmRead more
The Election Commission has wide-ranging powers as mentioned below :
See less(i) EC takes decisions on every aspect of conduct and control of elections.
(ii) It implements the Code of Conduct and punishes any candidate or party that violates it.
(iii) During the election period, the EC can order the government to follow some
Guideline’s, to prevent use and misuse of governmental power to enhance its chances to win elections, or to transfer some government officials’
(iv) When on election duty, government officers work under the control of the EC and not the government.
Explain the meaning of electoral constituencies.
The country is divided into different areas for the purpose of elections. These areas are called electoral constituencies. For example, for Lok Sabha elections, there are 543 electoral constituencies in the country.
The country is divided into different areas for the purpose of elections. These areas are called electoral constituencies. For example, for Lok Sabha elections, there are 543 electoral constituencies in the country.
See less