Liquid-in-glass thermometers work by using the expansion and contraction of a liquid, like mercury or alcohol, inside a glass tube. The liquid’s level rises or falls as temperature changes.
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Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature, 0 Kelvin or -273.15°C, where molecular motion theoretically ceases entirely. It is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics.
The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale starting at absolute zero (0 K). It is commonly used in scientific research and calculations.
The Fahrenheit scale is a temperature scale where water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F. It is primarily used in the United States and a few other countries.
The Celsius scale is a temperature scale where water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C. It is commonly used in most countries around the world.
Temperature is measured using thermometers, which can be liquid-in-glass, digital, or infrared. These devices detect temperature by measuring changes in a substance, such as mercury or alcohol, or using sensors.
The common units of temperature are degrees Celsius (°C), degrees Fahrenheit (°F), and Kelvin (K).
Magnets in electric motors create a magnetic field that interacts with the current-carrying coil, producing rotational motion. This interaction between the magnetic field and electric current is fundamental to the motor’s operation.
The Earth’s magnetic field is a natural magnetic field generated by the movement of molten iron in the Earth’s outer core. It protects us from solar radiation and aids in navigation using compasses.
Temperature affects magnetism by altering the alignment of magnetic domains. At high temperatures, thermal energy disrupts this alignment, reducing a magnet’s strength. Extremely high temperatures can even demagnetize a material.