1. Disguised Unemployment: - Surplus Labor: More workers engaged than required for productive output. - Marginal Productivity: Additional workers contribute insignificantly to overall output. - Scenario: Common in agriculture, where too many workers are employed on small landholdings. Seasonal UnemployRead more

    Disguised Unemployment:
    – Surplus Labor: More workers engaged than required for productive output.
    – Marginal Productivity: Additional workers contribute insignificantly to overall output.
    – Scenario: Common in agriculture, where too many workers are employed on small landholdings.

    Seasonal Unemployment:
    – Fluctuating Demand: Occurs due to predictable, recurring fluctuations in demand or production.
    – Seasonal Patterns: Unemployment during specific times coinciding with seasonal variations like harvesting or off-peak tourism.

    Disguised unemployment involves surplus unproductive labor, while seasonal unemployment arises from predictable demand fluctuations during specific times of the year.

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  2. Service Sector Workforce in India: Two Teams Team 1: Primary Service Providers: Face customers directly. Deliver essential services like healthcare and education. Examples: Doctors, teachers, shop assistants, drivers, and hotel staff. Team 2: Ancillary Service Providers: Work behind the scenes. SuppRead more

    Service Sector Workforce in India: Two Teams

    Team 1: Primary Service Providers:

    Face customers directly.
    Deliver essential services like healthcare and education.
    Examples: Doctors, teachers, shop assistants, drivers, and hotel staff.

    Team 2: Ancillary Service Providers:
    Work behind the scenes.
    Support smooth operation of the service sector.
    Examples: Administrative staff, IT professionals, security personnel, and managers.

    Together, both teams power the service sector, India’s economic powerhouse.

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  3. Here are the reasons for the exploitation of workers in the unorganized sector: 1. Lack of Legal Protection: Absence of legal safeguards exposes workers to exploitation by employers. 2. Low Wages, Long Hours: Often subjected to low pay for extended working hours without proper compensation. 3. UnsafRead more

    Here are the reasons for the exploitation of workers in the unorganized sector:

    1. Lack of Legal Protection: Absence of legal safeguards exposes workers to exploitation by employers.

    2. Low Wages, Long Hours: Often subjected to low pay for extended working hours without proper compensation.

    3. Unsafe Working Conditions: Workers endure hazardous environments without safety measures or access to healthcare.

    4. Absence of Social Security: Lack of benefits like pensions or insurance makes them financially vulnerable.

    5. Limited Bargaining Power: Inability to negotiate for fair wages or improved conditions due to absence of labor unions.

    6. Informal Nature: Challenges in seeking legal recourse or addressing grievances due to the sector’s informal setup.

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  4. Classification of economic activities based on employment conditions: 1. Organized Sector: - Regulated labor relations and structured employment conditions. - Follows labor laws, offers formal employment with benefits. - Includes large-scale industries, government organizations, registered enterprisRead more

    Classification of economic activities based on employment conditions:

    1. Organized Sector:
    – Regulated labor relations and structured employment conditions.
    – Follows labor laws, offers formal employment with benefits.
    – Includes large-scale industries, government organizations, registered enterprises.

    2. Unorganized Sector:
    – Lacks formal regulation and structured employment conditions.
    – Involves informal enterprises, casual labor without defined benefits.
    – Examples include street vendors, small-scale agriculture, domestic workers.

    3. Informal Sector:
    – Overlaps with unorganized sector; lacks formal arrangements.
    – Encompasses diverse economic activities, both formal and informal.
    – Includes small-scale businesses, informal labor markets, lacking formal protections.

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  5. Here's a simplified comparison between employment conditions in the organized and unorganized sectors: Organized Sector: - Regulated Conditions:** Follows formal labor laws and regulations. - Job Security:** Offers more job security with formal contracts. - Social Security:** Provides benefits likeRead more

    Here’s a simplified comparison between employment conditions in the organized and unorganized sectors:
    Organized Sector:
    – Regulated Conditions:** Follows formal labor laws and regulations.
    – Job Security:** Offers more job security with formal contracts.
    – Social Security:** Provides benefits like healthcare and pensions.
    – Better Wages:** Generally provides better wages and benefits.
    – Labor Relations:** Involves collective bargaining and unions.
    – Safer Work Environment:** Often maintains better safety standards.

    Unorganized Sector:
    – Informal Conditions: Lacks formal regulation and structure.
    – Job Insecurity: Offers less job security and no formal contracts.
    – Limited Benefits: Often lacks social security benefits.
    – Lower Wages: Provides lower wages and fewer benefits.
    – Limited Bargaining: Workers have less bargaining power.
    – Unsafe Conditions: Involves hazardous or unsafe working conditions.

    These differences illustrate how employment conditions vary between the organized and unorganized sectors, impacting job security, benefits, and working conditions for workers.

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