Getting a job in the mills was difficult due to the following reasons: (l) The number of job seekers was more than the jobs available. (ii) Moreover the industrialists usually appointed a jobber to get new recruits. The jobber generally got people from his village, and ensured them jobs. Thus, onlyRead more
Getting a job in the mills was difficult due to the following reasons:
(l) The number of job seekers was more than the jobs available.
(ii) Moreover the industrialists usually appointed a jobber to get new recruits. The jobber generally got people from his village, and ensured them jobs. Thus, only those who belonged to the village of the jobber got the jobs easily
With the expansion of factories, the demand for workers increased. In 1901, there were 584,000 workers in Indian factories. By 1946, the number increased to 2,456,000. This large number of workers came from the places as mentioned below: (l) In most industrial regions the workers came from the distrRead more
With the expansion of factories, the demand for workers increased. In 1901, there were 584,000 workers in Indian factories. By 1946, the number increased to 2,456,000. This large number of workers came from the places as mentioned below:
(l) In most industrial regions the workers came from the districts around because peasants and artisans who found no work in the village went to the industrial centres in search of work. For example in the Bombay cotton industries in 1911, over 50 per cent workers came from the neighbouring district of Ratnagiri.
(ii) Sometimes, worker’s carne from distant places in search of work in the mills. For example, many workers from the United Provinces went to work in the textile mills of Bombay and in the jute mills of Calcutta.
(a) Effects: (i) The functioning of the Indian merchants was limited. For example, they were debarred from trading with Europe in manufactured goods. (ii) The Indian merchants could export mostly raw materials and food grains which were needed by the British. (iii) Gradually, shipping business was cRead more
(a) Effects: (i) The functioning of the Indian merchants was limited. For example, they were debarred from trading with Europe in manufactured goods.
(ii) The Indian merchants could export mostly raw materials and food grains which were needed by the British.
(iii) Gradually, shipping business was controlled by the European companies and Indian marchants were edged out of this business.
(b) Till the First World War, the condition of Indian industries had become as mentioned below:
(l) A large sector of Indian industries was controlled by European Managing Agencies.
(ii) These Agencies mobilised capital, set up joint-stock companies and managed them.
(iii) In most instances, Indian financiers provided the capital while the European Agencies made all investment and business decisions.
(iv) The European merchant-industrialists had their own chambers of commerce which Indian businessmen were not allowed to join.
The achievements of early entrepreneurs in India were as follows: (l) During opium trade with China, many Indians provided finance, procured supplies and got shipping consignments. For example in Bengal, Dwarka Nath Tagore made his fortune and set up six joint-stock companies in the 1830s and 1840s.Read more
The achievements of early entrepreneurs in India were as follows:
(l) During opium trade with China, many Indians provided finance, procured supplies and got shipping consignments. For example in Bengal, Dwarka Nath Tagore made his fortune and set up six joint-stock companies in the 1830s and 1840s.
(ii) In Bombay, Parsis like Dinshaw Petit and Jamsetjee Nusserwanjee Tata who built huge industrial empires in India, accumulated their initial wealth partly from exports to china and partly from raw cotton shipments to England.
(iii) Seth Hukumchand, a Marwari businessman set up first Indian jute mill in calcutta in 1917. He traded with China.
(iv) The father and grandfather of the famous industrialist G.D. Birla also traded with China.
In 1772, Henry Patullo, a Company official, had said that the demand for Indian textiles could never reduce because no other nation produced goods of the same quality. Yet the textile exports declined from 33 per cent of Indian exports in 1811-12 to 3 per cent in 1850-51. The reasons for this declinRead more
In 1772, Henry Patullo, a Company official, had said that the demand for Indian textiles could never reduce because no other nation produced goods of the same quality. Yet the textile exports declined from 33 per cent of Indian exports in 1811-12 to 3 per cent in 1850-51.
The reasons for this decline were as given below:
(l) Import duties on Indian textiles in Britain: After the development of cotton industries, the government imposed import duties on cotton textile to protect the interest of the industrialists who could sell their goods without any competition from outside.
(ii) Sale of British goods: East India Company started selling British goods in the Indian market.
(iii) Cheap and durable goods from Manchester: the British increased the exports of British goods. Indian weavers could not compete with cheap, durable and showy goods from Manchester. This led to the decline of taxtile exports from India in the later half of the nineteenth century.
(iv) Scarcity of good raw cotton: There was a great scarcity of good quality of raw cotton as these were exported to England. This affected the Indian textiles because weavers could not get supplies and sometimes, they were forced to buy at high prices.
Why getting a job in the mills was difficult?
Getting a job in the mills was difficult due to the following reasons: (l) The number of job seekers was more than the jobs available. (ii) Moreover the industrialists usually appointed a jobber to get new recruits. The jobber generally got people from his village, and ensured them jobs. Thus, onlyRead more
Getting a job in the mills was difficult due to the following reasons:
See less(l) The number of job seekers was more than the jobs available.
(ii) Moreover the industrialists usually appointed a jobber to get new recruits. The jobber generally got people from his village, and ensured them jobs. Thus, only those who belonged to the village of the jobber got the jobs easily
Where did the workers come from to work in factories in India?
With the expansion of factories, the demand for workers increased. In 1901, there were 584,000 workers in Indian factories. By 1946, the number increased to 2,456,000. This large number of workers came from the places as mentioned below: (l) In most industrial regions the workers came from the distrRead more
With the expansion of factories, the demand for workers increased. In 1901, there were 584,000 workers in Indian factories. By 1946, the number increased to 2,456,000. This large number of workers came from the places as mentioned below:
See less(l) In most industrial regions the workers came from the districts around because peasants and artisans who found no work in the village went to the industrial centres in search of work. For example in the Bombay cotton industries in 1911, over 50 per cent workers came from the neighbouring district of Ratnagiri.
(ii) Sometimes, worker’s carne from distant places in search of work in the mills. For example, many workers from the United Provinces went to work in the textile mills of Bombay and in the jute mills of Calcutta.
Mention three restrictions imposed by the British government upon the Indian merchants in the 19th century.
(a) Effects: (i) The functioning of the Indian merchants was limited. For example, they were debarred from trading with Europe in manufactured goods. (ii) The Indian merchants could export mostly raw materials and food grains which were needed by the British. (iii) Gradually, shipping business was cRead more
(a) Effects: (i) The functioning of the Indian merchants was limited. For example, they were debarred from trading with Europe in manufactured goods.
See less(ii) The Indian merchants could export mostly raw materials and food grains which were needed by the British.
(iii) Gradually, shipping business was controlled by the European companies and Indian marchants were edged out of this business.
(b) Till the First World War, the condition of Indian industries had become as mentioned below:
(l) A large sector of Indian industries was controlled by European Managing Agencies.
(ii) These Agencies mobilised capital, set up joint-stock companies and managed them.
(iii) In most instances, Indian financiers provided the capital while the European Agencies made all investment and business decisions.
(iv) The European merchant-industrialists had their own chambers of commerce which Indian businessmen were not allowed to join.
Mention the names of three Indian enterprepreneurs and their individual contribution during the 19th century.
The achievements of early entrepreneurs in India were as follows: (l) During opium trade with China, many Indians provided finance, procured supplies and got shipping consignments. For example in Bengal, Dwarka Nath Tagore made his fortune and set up six joint-stock companies in the 1830s and 1840s.Read more
The achievements of early entrepreneurs in India were as follows:
See less(l) During opium trade with China, many Indians provided finance, procured supplies and got shipping consignments. For example in Bengal, Dwarka Nath Tagore made his fortune and set up six joint-stock companies in the 1830s and 1840s.
(ii) In Bombay, Parsis like Dinshaw Petit and Jamsetjee Nusserwanjee Tata who built huge industrial empires in India, accumulated their initial wealth partly from exports to china and partly from raw cotton shipments to England.
(iii) Seth Hukumchand, a Marwari businessman set up first Indian jute mill in calcutta in 1917. He traded with China.
(iv) The father and grandfather of the famous industrialist G.D. Birla also traded with China.
After industrial development in England what steps did the British govt. take to prevent competition with the Indian textiles.
In 1772, Henry Patullo, a Company official, had said that the demand for Indian textiles could never reduce because no other nation produced goods of the same quality. Yet the textile exports declined from 33 per cent of Indian exports in 1811-12 to 3 per cent in 1850-51. The reasons for this declinRead more
In 1772, Henry Patullo, a Company official, had said that the demand for Indian textiles could never reduce because no other nation produced goods of the same quality. Yet the textile exports declined from 33 per cent of Indian exports in 1811-12 to 3 per cent in 1850-51.
See lessThe reasons for this decline were as given below:
(l) Import duties on Indian textiles in Britain: After the development of cotton industries, the government imposed import duties on cotton textile to protect the interest of the industrialists who could sell their goods without any competition from outside.
(ii) Sale of British goods: East India Company started selling British goods in the Indian market.
(iii) Cheap and durable goods from Manchester: the British increased the exports of British goods. Indian weavers could not compete with cheap, durable and showy goods from Manchester. This led to the decline of taxtile exports from India in the later half of the nineteenth century.
(iv) Scarcity of good raw cotton: There was a great scarcity of good quality of raw cotton as these were exported to England. This affected the Indian textiles because weavers could not get supplies and sometimes, they were forced to buy at high prices.