1. (a) Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms on the earth. (b) The soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil up to a few centimetre in depth. Important factors responsible for the sRead more

    (a) Soil is the most important renewable natural resource. It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms on the earth.
    (b) The soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil up to a few centimetre in depth. Important factors responsible for the soil formation are as follows:
    (l) Rocks: Parent rock or bed rock on which the soils are formed, disintegrate and decompose under the process of weathering and erosion.
    (ii) Climate: It determines the rate of weathering and the type of vegetation.
    (iii) Slope: It decides the accumulation of soils.
    (iv) Various forces of nature such as change in temperature, actions of running water, wind and glaciers, activities of decomposers etc. contribute to the formation of soil.
    (v) Chemical and organic changes to play their role in the formation of soil.

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  2. There are many ways to solve the problem of land degradation. These are as given below: (l) Afforestation. Plantation of trees should be encouraged. (ii) Proper management of grazing. Separate sites should be fixed for grazing. (iii) Planting of shelter belts of plants. (iv) Control on over grazing.Read more

    There are many ways to solve the problem of land degradation. These are as given below:
    (l) Afforestation. Plantation of trees should be encouraged.
    (ii) Proper management of grazing. Separate sites should be fixed for grazing.
    (iii) Planting of shelter belts of plants.
    (iv) Control on over grazing. Rules for grazing should be framed.
    (v) Stabilisation of sand dunes by growing thorny bushes to stop land degradation.
    (vi) Proper management of waste lands, control of mining activities, proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents and wastes after treatment in industrial and suburban areas.

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