Ions with partly filled d orbitals exhibit these characteristic properties due to their ability to display a variety of oxidation states, form colored ions, and enter into complex formations with various ligands, a feature associated with the presence of unpaired ...

The d orbitals of transition elements protrude to the periphery of an atom more than other orbitals, making them more influenced by the surroundings and affecting the atoms or molecules in their vicinity.

Zn, Cd, Hg, and Cn are not considered transition elements as their d orbitals are completely filled in both the ground state and common oxidation states, deviating from the characteristic incompletely filled d orbitals of transition elements.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 3 Chemical Kinetics Page No. 7 NCERT Academic Session 2023-2024.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 3 Chemical Kinetics Page No. 4 NCERT Academic Session 2023-2024.