1. The hydraulic analogy is often used to explain the flow of electric charge. In this analogy, electric current is likened to the flow of water in pipes. Voltage is compared to water pressure, current to the rate of water flow, and resistance to pipe friction. Just as water flows from high to low presRead more

    The hydraulic analogy is often used to explain the flow of electric charge. In this analogy, electric current is likened to the flow of water in pipes. Voltage is compared to water pressure, current to the rate of water flow, and resistance to pipe friction. Just as water flows from high to low pressure, electrons move from higher to lower voltage. Similarly, resistance opposes the flow, much like friction in pipes. The analogy helps conceptualize electrical phenomena, drawing parallels between fluid dynamics and the behavior of electric charge, aiding in understanding concepts like Ohm’s Law and circuit dynamics.

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  2. Initially, the direction of electric current was considered to be the flow of positive charges, known as conventional current flow. This convention was established before the discovery of electrons. Later, with the understanding that electrons are the primary charge carriers in metallic conductors,Read more

    Initially, the direction of electric current was considered to be the flow of positive charges, known as conventional current flow. This convention was established before the discovery of electrons. Later, with the understanding that electrons are the primary charge carriers in metallic conductors, the direction of electron flow became the focus. However, for practical purposes and continuity, the conventional direction of current in metallic wire circuits is considered as the flow of positive charges from the positive to the negative terminal, opposite to the actual movement of electrons. This convention is widely used in electrical engineering and circuit analysis.

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  3. Electric current is expressed in amperes (A), symbolized as 'I.' One ampere is equivalent to one coulomb of electric charge flowing per second. Mathematically, current (I) is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor. It signifies the movement of electrons or other charge caRead more

    Electric current is expressed in amperes (A), symbolized as ‘I.’ One ampere is equivalent to one coulomb of electric charge flowing per second. Mathematically, current (I) is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor. It signifies the movement of electrons or other charge carriers in a circuit. The direction of current flow is conventionally considered from the positive to the negative terminal, aligning with historical conventions. Understanding and quantifying electric current is essential for analyzing and designing electrical circuits, providing a crucial parameter in Ohm’s Law and other fundamental principles in electrical engineering.

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  4. When the switch is turned off in a torch, it breaks the circuit, interrupting the flow of electric current. This open circuit prevents the completion of the electrical pathway, ceasing the flow of electrons through the conductor. Consequently, the light bulb or LED in the torch stops receiving powerRead more

    When the switch is turned off in a torch, it breaks the circuit, interrupting the flow of electric current. This open circuit prevents the completion of the electrical pathway, ceasing the flow of electrons through the conductor. Consequently, the light bulb or LED in the torch stops receiving power, and illumination ceases. The switch serves as a simple control device, enabling users to control the operation of the torch by either allowing or interrupting the flow of current. Turning the switch off breaks the continuity of the circuit, effectively disconnecting the power source from the load.

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  5. In a torch, the flow of charges is provided by a battery or cell. The battery creates a potential difference, or voltage, establishing an electric field that drives the flow of electrons through the circuit. When the switch is turned on, it completes the circuit, allowing the current to flow from thRead more

    In a torch, the flow of charges is provided by a battery or cell. The battery creates a potential difference, or voltage, establishing an electric field that drives the flow of electrons through the circuit. When the switch is turned on, it completes the circuit, allowing the current to flow from the battery through the conducting wires and the bulb, causing it to glow. The switch serves as a control mechanism, breaking or completing the circuit. Turning the switch off interrupts the flow of current, deactivating the circuit and extinguishing the bulb.

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