Matter refers to any object that takes up space and has weight. >> Chair: Matter forms a part of a chair. It has weight as well as volume >> Air: Yes, air is matter. It is made up of invisible gases that take space and are heavy. >> Love and hate: These are emotions or sentiments,Read more
Matter refers to any object that takes up space and has weight.
>> Chair: Matter forms a part of a chair. It has weight as well as volume
>> Air: Yes, air is matter. It is made up of invisible gases that take space and are heavy.
>> Love and hate: These are emotions or sentiments, which, as such, do not make up matter. Instead, they are psychological states rather than physical objects.
>> Smell: Smell itself is not matter. The perception of scents is merely the smell particles that are sensed in the air.
>> Almonds: Yes, almonds are matter. These are physical things which possess weight and occupy space.
>> Thought: These are basically mental processes that have no physical stuff and thus they cannot be perceived as a kind of matter.
>> Cold: Coldness, however, is simply a phenomenon, not substance. It’s without heat or with less amount of heat energy.
>> Cold drink: Matter in that case would be the drink itself, either hot or not hot. It’s the liquid with weight and volume.
>> Smell of perfume: Just like the smell, that of perfume are molecules sensed by a person’s nose and not matter as it exists itself.
The observation that the smell of hot sizzling food travels further than the smell of cold food can be explained by several factors related to the nature of molecules and their behavior at different temperatures: 1. Rate of diffusion: During the process of cooking, the molecules in the food become eRead more
The observation that the smell of hot sizzling food travels further than the smell of cold food can be explained by several factors related to the nature of molecules and their behavior at different temperatures:
1. Rate of diffusion: During the process of cooking, the molecules in the food become energetic due to heating and start moving at a faster pace. The increase in molecular motion increases the rate at which these aroma-carrying molecules diffuse outwards into the surrounding air. Consequently, the smell passes and affects the nose at a greater distance.
2. Vapor pressure: Vapor pressure increases with higher temperature for most substances of interest. Volatile compounds that give the hot food its aroma have high vapour pressure at a higher temperature. These molecules have high vapor pressures, which make it easy for them to diffuse away from the food. Therefore, the smell is noticeable even from a distance because of this elevated vapor pressure.
3. Convection currents: When hot plates or pans are placed on a table, they create convective currents in the hot air resulting from them. They convey the odor molecules away upwards and away from the food source and help distribute the aroma over huge distances.
4. Sensitivity of our olfactory system: A stronger sense of smell towards some volatile compounds which are emitted could also mean that they were emitted at a relatively higher temperature. The aroma from hot food might therefore be detectable at a longer distance than the aroma of cold food due to this sensitivity.
The phenomena of a diver cutting through water in a swimming pool shows that matter possesses the property of fluidity or fluid behavior. Substances with the property of fluidity are able to change shapes and flow while remaining together without falling apart. Fluids refer to liquids and gases thatRead more
The phenomena of a diver cutting through water in a swimming pool shows that matter possesses the property of fluidity or fluid behavior.
Substances with the property of fluidity are able to change shapes and flow while remaining together without falling apart. Fluids refer to liquids and gases that have no definite shape and they flow whenever they are subjected to an external force.
Fluidity exists in water that is a liquid. In swimming pool, the water molecules are able to get out of the way easily and move around the diver’s body as it passes through thus, no much resistance is experienced by the diver and it swims freely cutting through the water. This allows the diver to move through water quite free, experiencing less resistance than one would when moving through a wall, which is not a fluid-behaving object.
The particles of matter, whether they belong to solids, liquids, or gases, possess several key characteristics: 1. Mass: Mass is weight that is related to the particles of matter in an object. This bulk provides to the general characteristics of the material. 2. Volume: Particles have volume since tRead more
The particles of matter, whether they belong to solids, liquids, or gases, possess several key characteristics:
1. Mass: Mass is weight that is related to the particles of matter in an object. This bulk provides to the general characteristics of the material.
2. Volume: Particles have volume since they occupy space. However, the volume they occupy varies according to the state of matter (solid, liquid and gaseous).
3. Particle Motion: Matter is constituted of moving particles. This motion is in accordance with the state of matter which can either be in the solid and liquid state. Particles in solids normally experience motion with oscillations around fixed places. Particles in liquid are also mobile since they may get away from each other and yet almost at a contact. Gas particles are free and fast that occupy any available space in the universe.
4. Forces Between Particles: Matter particles attract each other through contact. These forces are strong enough to make the particles in solids pack closely and in a fixed fashion. In liquids, the forces are less compared to solids; hence the particles can pass each other without moving too far apart. The forces between particles in a gas are meager, and the particles move nearly independently.
5. Energy: Kinetic energy of the particles is a direct result of their motion incessantly. Solids have the lowest kinetic energy of particles, whereas gases have the most kinetic energy of particles.
6. Arrangement: State is determined by the way in which particles are arranged in matter. Particles of solids usually have an orderly arrangement into a structured pattern. Unlike crystals, particles in liquids are less ordered and more spread-out. The particles are highly disorganized and lack any organization for a gas.
This knowledge helps explain why states of matter behave differently during temperature variations, pressure, and other external conditions.
Arranging the substances in order of increasing density: 1. Air: Compared to these substances, air has a relatively low density. It has low density due to the gaseous molecules that make it up. 2. Exhaust from chimneys: Chimney exhaust density can change, and it depends on mixture. It is normally coRead more
Arranging the substances in order of increasing density:
1. Air: Compared to these substances, air has a relatively low density. It has low density due to the gaseous molecules that make it up.
2. Exhaust from chimneys: Chimney exhaust density can change, and it depends on mixture. It is normally comprised of gases, such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen with higher density than air.
3. Cotton: Cotton is a solid with a relatively low density. This has lower density than other denser materials owing to its fibrous and porous nature.
4. Water: Water has a moderate density. At a state of ordinary temperature, its density is roughly 1g/ cm3 which makes it denser than either air or a cotton.
5. Chalk: Water usually has a lower density than chalk. It is either more dense or less dense than water depending on the composition (mostly contains calcium carbonate).
6. Iron: Iron is considerably denser than all other materials in this list. It weighs about 7.87 g/cm3, which means it weighs heavier than water, chalk, cotton, chimney exhaust and air.
So, the substances arranged in order of increasing density are: air, smoke from chimnies, cotton, water, chalk, and iron.
All solid, liquid, or gas is defined by its unique characteristic traits among these fundamental states of matter. This is because solid molecules possess tightly-packed particles that vibrate with very less mobility but maintain shape and volume, hence rigidity and no flow ability. ``` ContributionRead more
All solid, liquid, or gas is defined by its unique characteristic traits among these fundamental states of matter. This is because solid molecules possess tightly-packed particles that vibrate with very less mobility but maintain shape and volume, hence rigidity and no flow ability. “` Contribution: However, such individuals have a tendency of having their hands and legs crossed behind them in a closed position. Solids show minimal volume change but adopt a shape similar to the container while liquids remain definite volume but assume some of the container’s features while fluids are completely fluid. Unlike gases that do not have specific shape or volume; dispersed particles, which moves freely within it, results very low rigidity and a lot of fluidity. Compressibility of solids and liquids is lower than that of gases because the particle distance is great. Gases take all the available space and solids as well as some liquids do not fully occupy their containers. Particles are close with solid densities being high while gas densities are low, reflecting particle arrangements and spacings. This is because the characteristic features show how the states differ and exhibit their peculiar behavior and inherent qualities under normal or special situations.
1. Rigidity: Particles of a solid substance pack very close together leading to more rigidity and fixed shape. The liquid has the least stiffness due to the movement of particles past one another, making it possible for the liquid to assume the shape of the container. Gases are very flexible since tRead more
1. Rigidity: Particles of a solid substance pack very close together leading to more rigidity and fixed shape. The liquid has the least stiffness due to the movement of particles past one another, making it possible for the liquid to assume the shape of the container. Gases are very flexible since their particles keep on moving freely throughout the available spaces.
2. Compressibility: Due to tightly packed solid particles, solids are usually incompressible. Secondly, liquids are not well compressible. Despite that, gases can be considered compressible since their particles are relatively distant, which readily allows their compaction within smaller volumes.
3. Fluidity: Solid has very little fluidity because of movement in its particles is limited. Liquids have a great degree of fluidity because particles can move about in them and assume the shape of the container. The particle movements in gases are fast and random, making gases extremely fluid.
4. Filling a gas container: The solids are in rigid shapes and volume thus occupy little space in the container. They keep a fixed volume, however they adopt the shape of the container. The gases have no definite shapes or volumes, hence, filling up the space of the container they occupy until all space is filled.
5. Shape: Solids have a shape which is not determined by a container; therefore, it has its own form and does not change despite the container. However, liquids conform to the shapes which their containers possess, but exhibit certain volumes. In this case gases have a shape and volume determined by the container in which they are present.
6. Kinetic Energy: The particles are only mobile and therefore have less kinetic energies in solids than liquids. The particles of liquids move more freely than a solid and therefore exhibit moderate kinetic energy. This is because gases have the highest kinetic energy, whose particles move fast and arbitrarily.
7. Density: The solids has a relatively large density because of the close packing of its particles. Liquids have moderate density. Because of wide separation of their particles, gases have a low density.
As its characteristic is high compressibility and low intermolecular forces, a gas fills entirely the vessel where it is stored. Gas particles are far apart with more kinetic energy that allows them to separate from one another. The gas’s particles quickly spread out in all directions when they areRead more
As its characteristic is high compressibility and low intermolecular forces, a gas fills entirely the vessel where it is stored. Gas particles are far apart with more kinetic energy that allows them to separate from one another. The gas’s particles quickly spread out in all directions when they are placed inside the container, hitting the container’s walls and each other.
Gases do not have fixed shapes or volumes, hence total filling of the vessel. They fill up all the space they find and adopt the form of the receptacle. Gas molecules are very mobile and travel throughout a space randomly until their pressure is equal in every direction, at which point they would fill throughout a vessel.
Moreover, gases are highly compressed and hence they are very compressible thereby making them easy for packing into small volumes. In this way, they can squeeze into whatever space that is available as a gas will always tend to fill its containing container irrespective of its size or shape.
Which of the following are matter? Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, thought, cold, cold drink, smell of perfume.
Matter refers to any object that takes up space and has weight. >> Chair: Matter forms a part of a chair. It has weight as well as volume >> Air: Yes, air is matter. It is made up of invisible gases that take space and are heavy. >> Love and hate: These are emotions or sentiments,Read more
Matter refers to any object that takes up space and has weight.
>> Chair: Matter forms a part of a chair. It has weight as well as volume
See less>> Air: Yes, air is matter. It is made up of invisible gases that take space and are heavy.
>> Love and hate: These are emotions or sentiments, which, as such, do not make up matter. Instead, they are psychological states rather than physical objects.
>> Smell: Smell itself is not matter. The perception of scents is merely the smell particles that are sensed in the air.
>> Almonds: Yes, almonds are matter. These are physical things which possess weight and occupy space.
>> Thought: These are basically mental processes that have no physical stuff and thus they cannot be perceived as a kind of matter.
>> Cold: Coldness, however, is simply a phenomenon, not substance. It’s without heat or with less amount of heat energy.
>> Cold drink: Matter in that case would be the drink itself, either hot or not hot. It’s the liquid with weight and volume.
>> Smell of perfume: Just like the smell, that of perfume are molecules sensed by a person’s nose and not matter as it exists itself.
Give reasons for the following observation:
The observation that the smell of hot sizzling food travels further than the smell of cold food can be explained by several factors related to the nature of molecules and their behavior at different temperatures: 1. Rate of diffusion: During the process of cooking, the molecules in the food become eRead more
The observation that the smell of hot sizzling food travels further than the smell of cold food can be explained by several factors related to the nature of molecules and their behavior at different temperatures:
1. Rate of diffusion: During the process of cooking, the molecules in the food become energetic due to heating and start moving at a faster pace. The increase in molecular motion increases the rate at which these aroma-carrying molecules diffuse outwards into the surrounding air. Consequently, the smell passes and affects the nose at a greater distance.
See less2. Vapor pressure: Vapor pressure increases with higher temperature for most substances of interest. Volatile compounds that give the hot food its aroma have high vapour pressure at a higher temperature. These molecules have high vapor pressures, which make it easy for them to diffuse away from the food. Therefore, the smell is noticeable even from a distance because of this elevated vapor pressure.
3. Convection currents: When hot plates or pans are placed on a table, they create convective currents in the hot air resulting from them. They convey the odor molecules away upwards and away from the food source and help distribute the aroma over huge distances.
4. Sensitivity of our olfactory system: A stronger sense of smell towards some volatile compounds which are emitted could also mean that they were emitted at a relatively higher temperature. The aroma from hot food might therefore be detectable at a longer distance than the aroma of cold food due to this sensitivity.
A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this observation show?
The phenomena of a diver cutting through water in a swimming pool shows that matter possesses the property of fluidity or fluid behavior. Substances with the property of fluidity are able to change shapes and flow while remaining together without falling apart. Fluids refer to liquids and gases thatRead more
The phenomena of a diver cutting through water in a swimming pool shows that matter possesses the property of fluidity or fluid behavior.
Substances with the property of fluidity are able to change shapes and flow while remaining together without falling apart. Fluids refer to liquids and gases that have no definite shape and they flow whenever they are subjected to an external force.
Fluidity exists in water that is a liquid. In swimming pool, the water molecules are able to get out of the way easily and move around the diver’s body as it passes through thus, no much resistance is experienced by the diver and it swims freely cutting through the water. This allows the diver to move through water quite free, experiencing less resistance than one would when moving through a wall, which is not a fluid-behaving object.
See lessWhat are the characteristics of the particles of matter?
The particles of matter, whether they belong to solids, liquids, or gases, possess several key characteristics: 1. Mass: Mass is weight that is related to the particles of matter in an object. This bulk provides to the general characteristics of the material. 2. Volume: Particles have volume since tRead more
The particles of matter, whether they belong to solids, liquids, or gases, possess several key characteristics:
1. Mass: Mass is weight that is related to the particles of matter in an object. This bulk provides to the general characteristics of the material.
2. Volume: Particles have volume since they occupy space. However, the volume they occupy varies according to the state of matter (solid, liquid and gaseous).
3. Particle Motion: Matter is constituted of moving particles. This motion is in accordance with the state of matter which can either be in the solid and liquid state. Particles in solids normally experience motion with oscillations around fixed places. Particles in liquid are also mobile since they may get away from each other and yet almost at a contact. Gas particles are free and fast that occupy any available space in the universe.
4. Forces Between Particles: Matter particles attract each other through contact. These forces are strong enough to make the particles in solids pack closely and in a fixed fashion. In liquids, the forces are less compared to solids; hence the particles can pass each other without moving too far apart. The forces between particles in a gas are meager, and the particles move nearly independently.
5. Energy: Kinetic energy of the particles is a direct result of their motion incessantly. Solids have the lowest kinetic energy of particles, whereas gases have the most kinetic energy of particles.
6. Arrangement: State is determined by the way in which particles are arranged in matter. Particles of solids usually have an orderly arrangement into a structured pattern. Unlike crystals, particles in liquids are less ordered and more spread-out. The particles are highly disorganized and lack any organization for a gas.
This knowledge helps explain why states of matter behave differently during temperature variations, pressure, and other external conditions.
See lessThe mass per unit volume of a substance is called density. (density = mass/volume). Arrange the following in order of increasing density-
Arranging the substances in order of increasing density: 1. Air: Compared to these substances, air has a relatively low density. It has low density due to the gaseous molecules that make it up. 2. Exhaust from chimneys: Chimney exhaust density can change, and it depends on mixture. It is normally coRead more
Arranging the substances in order of increasing density:
1. Air: Compared to these substances, air has a relatively low density. It has low density due to the gaseous molecules that make it up.
2. Exhaust from chimneys: Chimney exhaust density can change, and it depends on mixture. It is normally comprised of gases, such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen with higher density than air.
3. Cotton: Cotton is a solid with a relatively low density. This has lower density than other denser materials owing to its fibrous and porous nature.
4. Water: Water has a moderate density. At a state of ordinary temperature, its density is roughly 1g/ cm3 which makes it denser than either air or a cotton.
5. Chalk: Water usually has a lower density than chalk. It is either more dense or less dense than water depending on the composition (mostly contains calcium carbonate).
6. Iron: Iron is considerably denser than all other materials in this list. It weighs about 7.87 g/cm3, which means it weighs heavier than water, chalk, cotton, chimney exhaust and air.
So, the substances arranged in order of increasing density are: air, smoke from chimnies, cotton, water, chalk, and iron.
See lessTabulate the differences in the characteristics of states of matter.
All solid, liquid, or gas is defined by its unique characteristic traits among these fundamental states of matter. This is because solid molecules possess tightly-packed particles that vibrate with very less mobility but maintain shape and volume, hence rigidity and no flow ability. ``` ContributionRead more
All solid, liquid, or gas is defined by its unique characteristic traits among these fundamental states of matter. This is because solid molecules possess tightly-packed particles that vibrate with very less mobility but maintain shape and volume, hence rigidity and no flow ability. “` Contribution: However, such individuals have a tendency of having their hands and legs crossed behind them in a closed position. Solids show minimal volume change but adopt a shape similar to the container while liquids remain definite volume but assume some of the container’s features while fluids are completely fluid. Unlike gases that do not have specific shape or volume; dispersed particles, which moves freely within it, results very low rigidity and a lot of fluidity. Compressibility of solids and liquids is lower than that of gases because the particle distance is great. Gases take all the available space and solids as well as some liquids do not fully occupy their containers. Particles are close with solid densities being high while gas densities are low, reflecting particle arrangements and spacings. This is because the characteristic features show how the states differ and exhibit their peculiar behavior and inherent qualities under normal or special situations.
See lessComment upon the following: rigidity, compressibility, fluidity, filling a gas container, shape, kinetic energy and density.
1. Rigidity: Particles of a solid substance pack very close together leading to more rigidity and fixed shape. The liquid has the least stiffness due to the movement of particles past one another, making it possible for the liquid to assume the shape of the container. Gases are very flexible since tRead more
1. Rigidity: Particles of a solid substance pack very close together leading to more rigidity and fixed shape. The liquid has the least stiffness due to the movement of particles past one another, making it possible for the liquid to assume the shape of the container. Gases are very flexible since their particles keep on moving freely throughout the available spaces.
See less2. Compressibility: Due to tightly packed solid particles, solids are usually incompressible. Secondly, liquids are not well compressible. Despite that, gases can be considered compressible since their particles are relatively distant, which readily allows their compaction within smaller volumes.
3. Fluidity: Solid has very little fluidity because of movement in its particles is limited. Liquids have a great degree of fluidity because particles can move about in them and assume the shape of the container. The particle movements in gases are fast and random, making gases extremely fluid.
4. Filling a gas container: The solids are in rigid shapes and volume thus occupy little space in the container. They keep a fixed volume, however they adopt the shape of the container. The gases have no definite shapes or volumes, hence, filling up the space of the container they occupy until all space is filled.
5. Shape: Solids have a shape which is not determined by a container; therefore, it has its own form and does not change despite the container. However, liquids conform to the shapes which their containers possess, but exhibit certain volumes. In this case gases have a shape and volume determined by the container in which they are present.
6. Kinetic Energy: The particles are only mobile and therefore have less kinetic energies in solids than liquids. The particles of liquids move more freely than a solid and therefore exhibit moderate kinetic energy. This is because gases have the highest kinetic energy, whose particles move fast and arbitrarily.
7. Density: The solids has a relatively large density because of the close packing of its particles. Liquids have moderate density. Because of wide separation of their particles, gases have a low density.
Give reasons: A gas fills completely the vessel in which it is kept.
As its characteristic is high compressibility and low intermolecular forces, a gas fills entirely the vessel where it is stored. Gas particles are far apart with more kinetic energy that allows them to separate from one another. The gas’s particles quickly spread out in all directions when they areRead more
As its characteristic is high compressibility and low intermolecular forces, a gas fills entirely the vessel where it is stored. Gas particles are far apart with more kinetic energy that allows them to separate from one another. The gas’s particles quickly spread out in all directions when they are placed inside the container, hitting the container’s walls and each other.
Gases do not have fixed shapes or volumes, hence total filling of the vessel. They fill up all the space they find and adopt the form of the receptacle. Gas molecules are very mobile and travel throughout a space randomly until their pressure is equal in every direction, at which point they would fill throughout a vessel.
Moreover, gases are highly compressed and hence they are very compressible thereby making them easy for packing into small volumes. In this way, they can squeeze into whatever space that is available as a gas will always tend to fill its containing container irrespective of its size or shape.
See less