No, although the cities disappeared, much of the Harappan culture and technology survived and was passed on to the next phase of Indian civilisation. NCERT Book Exploring Society India and Beyond Class 6 Class 6 Social Science NCERT Chapter ...
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The drying up of the Sarasvatī River in its central basin caused cities along the river, such as Kalibangan and Banawali, to be abandoned, contributing to the civilisation’s decline. Class VI Book Exploring Society India and Beyond Social Science Chapter ...
The earlier theory that warfare or invasions destroyed the cities has been ruled out, as there is no evidence of warfare or invasions, and the Harappans appear to have had no army or weapons of war. Class VI NCERT Social ...
The two main factors are: (1) a global climatic change around 2200 BCE that led to reduced rainfall and made agriculture difficult, and (2) the drying up of the Sarasvatī River, which caused cities like Kalibangan and Banawali to be ...
Around 1900 BCE, the civilisation began to fall apart, with cities being abandoned one by one. The inhabitants shifted to a rural lifestyle, and the central administration or government seems to have disappeared. NCERT Book Exploring Society India and Beyond ...
The small seals, made of steatite and depicting animal figures with signs, were likely used to identify goods and traders, though their exact symbolic meaning is still unknown. Class VI Book Exploring Society India and Beyond Class 6 Social ...
The basin at Lothal, measuring 217 meters in length and 36 meters in width, was likely a dockyard used to receive and send boats for transporting goods. Class VI NCERT Social Science NCERT Social Science Textbook Exploring Society India and ...
The Harappans used land routes, rivers, and the sea for more distant destinations, marking the first intensive maritime activity in India. NCERT Book Exploring Society India and Beyond Class 6 NCERT Social Science Textbook Exploring Society India and Beyond Session ...
The Harappans likely imported copper, as this metal was not common in their region. Other imports are not as clearly known. Chapter 6 The Beginnings of Indian Civilisation Class 6
The Harappans exported ornaments, timber, gold, cotton, and possibly some food items. Their favorite ornaments were beads made of carnelian, a reddish semi-precious stone, which they decorated and drilled using special techniques. NCERT Book Exploring Society India and Beyond Class ...