Cropping systems such as mixed cropping, intercropping, and crop rotation are beneficial in organic farming for insect and pest control, weed suppression, and nutrient provision through diverse plant interactions.
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Examples of organic inputs used in organic farming include organic manures, recycled farm-wastes like straw and livestock excreta, and bio-agents such as blue-green algae for biofertilizers and neem leaves or turmeric for bio-pesticides.
It’s important to consider both short-term benefits of fertilizers and long-term benefits of manure to achieve optimum yields in crop production while maintaining soil fertility for sustainable agriculture practices.
Continuous fertilizer use can deplete soil fertility by not replenishing organic matter and harming soil microorganisms essential for soil health.
Excess fertilizer that is not absorbed by plants can lead to water pollution when washed away by excessive irrigation.