Fumigation plays a crucial role in preventing storage losses by using chemicals that can kill pests, thereby protecting the stored produce from insect and mite infestations.
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It is important to dry produce properly before storage to reduce moisture content, which helps prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria and reduces the risk of degradation.
Before storing grains, preventive and control measures include strict cleaning of the produce, proper drying of the produce first in sunlight and then in shade, and fumigation using chemicals that can kill pests.
These factors can be controlled by proper treatment and systematic management of warehouses.
The negative effects of storage losses include degradation in quality, loss in weight, poor germinability, discolouration of produce, and poor marketability.
Abiotic factors that can cause storage losses include inappropriate moisture and temperatures in the place of storage.
Biotic factors responsible for storage losses include insects, rodents, fungi, mites, and bacteria.
One method for controlling pests through the selection of plant varieties is the use of resistant varieties, which are plants bred to be less susceptible to specific pests and diseases.
Weeds, insects, and plant diseases can be controlled by using pesticides, which include herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
Plant pathogens can be transmitted through soil, water, and air.