Aniline’s higher pKb value is attributed to the -NH₂ group being directly attached to the benzene ring, causing the unshared electron pair on nitrogen to be in conjugation with the benzene ring, making it less available for protonation.

The basic strength of alkyl amines in aqueous solution is influenced by the interplay of inductive effect, solvation effect, and steric hindrance of the alkyl group. This interplay determines the subtle changes in the order of basic strength, especially with ...

Benzenesulphonyl chloride reacts with primary amines to form sulphonamides, such as N-ethylbenzenesulphonyl amide. The sulphonyl group imparts acidity to the hydrogen attached to nitrogen, making it soluble in alkali.

Aromatic amines react with nitrous acid at low temperatures to form diazonium salts, a crucial class of compounds employed in the synthesis of various aromatic compounds. Secondary and tertiary amines exhibit different reactions with nitrous acid.

Primary aliphatic amines, when treated with nitrous acid, form unstable aliphatic diazonium salts that quantitatively release nitrogen gas and alcohols. The quantitative evolution of nitrogen is used for the estimation of amino acids and proteins.